Sorghum hybrid parents research at ICRISAT - strategies, status and impacts

    Reddy, B V S and Sharma, H C and Thakur, R P and Ramesh, S and Rattunde, F and Mgonja, M (2006) Sorghum hybrid parents research at ICRISAT - strategies, status and impacts. Journal of SAT Agricultural Research, 2 (1). pp. 1-24.

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    Abstract

    Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is the first self-pollinated cereal staple crop, wherein heterosis has been commercially exploited to improve its productivity. Although the heterosis was demonstrated as early as 1927 in sorghum (Conner and Karper 1927), its commercial exploitation was possible only after the discovery of a stable and heritable cytoplasmic-nuclear male-sterility (CMS) mechanism (Stephens and Holland 1954). This CMS system has been designated as A1 (milo). Since then a large number of hybrids have been developed and released/marketed for commercial cultivation in Asia, the Americas, Australia and Africa. The hybrids have contributed significantly to increased grain and forage yields in several countries. The grain productivity increased by 47% in China and by 50% in India from the 1960s to the 1990s (FAO 1960–1996), which corresponds well with the adoption of hybrids in these countries. Adoption of the first commercial hybrid (CSH 1) in India over much of the rainy season sorghum area, while local varieties are confined to fairly narrow specific environmental niches stands testimony to the wide adaptability of hybrids over varieties (House et al. 1997). Currently, over 95% of the sorghum area is planted to the hybrids in USA, Australia and China. In India, over 85% of the rainy season sorghum area is planted to hybrids.

    Item Type: Article
    Divisions: UNSPECIFIED
    CRP: UNSPECIFIED
    Subjects: Mandate crops > Sorghum
    Depositing User: Library ICRISAT
    Date Deposited: 04 Sep 2011 13:11
    Last Modified: 14 Sep 2013 09:13
    URI: http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/939
    Official URL:
    Projects: UNSPECIFIED
    Funders: UNSPECIFIED
    Acknowledgement: UNSPECIFIED
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