Nitrogen response and water use efficiency of sweet sorghum cultivars

Sawargaonkar, G L and Patil, M D and Wani, S P and Pavani, E and Reddy, B V S and Marimuthu, S (2013) Nitrogen response and water use efficiency of sweet sorghum cultivars. Field Crops Research, 149. pp. 245-251. ISSN 0378-4290

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Abstract

Sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a biofuel crop, which can be grown under tropical rainfed conditions without sacrificing food and fodder security. Three sweet sorghum cultivars (CSH 22 SS, NTJ 2 and ICSV 93046) with two row spacings (60 and 45 cm) and six nitrogen levels (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 kg ha−1) were grown on Vertisols during three post rainy (November to April) seasons at the ICRISAT center farm in Patancheru, India. The results showed that the row spacings (60 or 45 cm) had no influence on performance of the cultivars. Sweet sorghum hybrid CSH 22 SS produced the highest green stalk yield (45.4 Mg ha−1) and grain yield (2.33 Mg ha−1) compared to NTJ 2 (32.66 Mg ha−1 and 1.70 Mg ha−1) and ICSV 93046 (38.44 Mg ha−1 and 2.03 Mg ha−1). Net economic return from CSH 22 SS (US$ 681 ha−1) was also significantly higher than that from NTJ 2 (US$ 415 ha−1) and ICSV 93046 (US$ 539 ha−1). All cultivars responded to applied N up to 150 kg ha−1; however beyond 90 kg ha−1 N rate, the increase in yield was insignificant. Estimated N use efficiency (NUE) values indicated that 90 kg N ha−1 was an optimum N level for sweet sorghum crop. Simulated soil water balance components revealed that reduction in total transpiration due to water stress was 20 to 45% compared to the no-stress. In case of water use efficiency, CSH 22 SS showed the highest economic returns per unit volume of water input. Based on these results, it is concluded that sweet sorghum hybrid CSH 22 SS at 90 kg N ha−1 is the best remunerative combination for maximizing yield, economic returns and resource use efficiency.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	RP-Resilient Dryland Systems
CRP:	CGIAR Research Program on Dryland Cereals
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Nitrogen response, Water use efficiency, Sweet sorghum cultivars
Subjects:	Mandate crops > Sorghum
Depositing User:	Mr Sanat Kumar Behera
Date Deposited:	16 Jun 2013 06:44
Last Modified:	19 Oct 2016 06:18
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/6853
Official URL:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.05.009
Projects:	NAIP-ICAR-Sweet sorghum bioethanol project
Funders:	Indian Council of Research NATP-HRD
Acknowledgement:	We gratefully acknowledge the help of Drs Ashok Kumar, Ravinder Reddy and P Srinivas Rao, Sorghum Breeding, ICRISAT, Hyderabad for their help and providing the seeds of different cultivars for sweet sorghum trials. We also gratefully acknowledge the financial support by the NAIP – ICAR for conducting the research as a part of NAIP-ICAR-Sweet sorghum bioethanol project.
Links:	Google Scholar

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