A new species complex including Claviceps fusiformis and Claviceps hirtella

Pazoutová, S and Kolařík, M and Odvody, G N and Frederickson, D E and Olšovská, J and Man, P (2008) A new species complex including Claviceps fusiformis and Claviceps hirtella. Fungal Diversity. pp. 95-111.

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Abstract

Isolates of Claviceps species with lunate to fusiform macroconidia were collected from panicoid grasses in Texas and Zimbabwe and described as new species based on anamorphs since no teleomorphs were available. Characterization was based upon morphology and partial sequences of rDNA and β-tubulin. The isolates grouped into two stronglysupported clades. The first clade contained ancestral C. hirtella and C. fusiformis from pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) in clade terminal position with Texas isolates from native cup grass (Eriochloa sericea) and pearl millet grouped between them. The second clade consisted of African isolates from Urochloa and Eragrostis. The isolates from Texas from pearl millet and buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) and isolates from E. sericea were described as new species, Sphacelia texensis and Sphacelia eriochloae, respectively. Both species had morphology, DNA markers, and alkaloid production that was intermediate between those features exhibited in C. fusiformis and C. hirtella. The African isolates from Urochloa and Eragrostis were also described as a new species, Sphacelia lovelessii. In shaken cultures, C. hirtella readily produced a whole range of clavines with agroclavine and festuclavine predominating, but ergometrine was also detected. Claviceps fusiformis produced mainly agroclavine and elymoclavine, S. eriochloae produced mainly agroclavine, elymoclavin and festuclavine and the cultures of S. texensis contained small amounts of agroclavine and festuclavine. Only traces of clavines were found in cultures of S. lovelessii of the second clade. The alkaloid content of infected florets in the sphacelial (honeydew) developmental stage was also measured. Only C. fusiformis and S. eriochloae produced alkaloids in planta at this early stage.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	UNSPECIFIED
CRP:	UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords:	alkaloids, β-tubulin, Cenchrus, Claviceps, clavine, conidia, Eragrostis, Eriochloa, pearl millet, Pennisetum, phylogeny, Sphacelia, rDNA, Urochloa
Subjects:	Mandate crops > Millets Others > Genetics and Genomics
Depositing User:	Mr Sanat Kumar Behera
Date Deposited:	23 Sep 2012 08:13
Last Modified:	23 Sep 2012 08:13
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/6142
Official URL:
Projects:	UNSPECIFIED
Funders:	UNSPECIFIED
Acknowledgement:	UNSPECIFIED
Links:	Author

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