Different isoforms of starch-synthesizing enzymes controlling amylose and amylopectin content in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Pandey, M K and Rani, N S and Madhav, M S and Sundaram, R M and Varaprasad, G S and Sivaranjini, A K P and Bohra, A and Ram Kumar, G and Kumar, A (2012) Different isoforms of starch-synthesizing enzymes controlling amylose and amylopectin content in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Biotechnology Advances, 30. pp. 1697-1706. ISSN 0734-9750

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Abstract

Starch, composed of amylose and amylopectin, greatly influences rice cooking and textural quality, which in turn is controlled by various isoforms of several enzymes. Activity of one or more isoforms of starch synthesizing enzymes results in various forms of starch structure based on the amylopectin chain length, average external, internal and core chain length distribution and hence result in varying physicochemical and cooking quality. Since the synthesis of starch is highly complex, it is crucial but essential to understand its biosynthetic pathway, starch structure and its effects on the physicochemical properties that control eating and cooking quality; and alongside conduct research on gene/QTL mapping for use in marker-assisted selection (MAS) with a view to improve and select cultivars with most desirable range and class of rice starch properties. This article presents the updates on current understanding of the co-ordination among various enzymes/isoforms towards rice starch synthesis in endosperm and their effect on rice grain physico-chemical, cooking and eating qualities. The efforts in identifying regions responsible for these enzymes by mapping the gene/QTLs have provided a glimpse on their association with physic-chemical and cooking properties of rice and hence, improvement is possible by modifying the allelic pattern, resulting in down or nil regulation of a particular enzyme. The clear understanding of the tissue specific co-ordination between enzyme isoforms and their subsequent effect in controlling eating and cooking properties will enhance the chances to manipulate them for getting desired range of amylose content (AC) and gelatinization temperature (GT) in improved cultivars through combining desired alleles through MAS.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	UNSPECIFIED
CRP:	UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Starch synthesizing enzymes; Starch synthases; Starch branching enzyme; Starch debranching enzyme; AGPase; Amylose content; Gelatinization temperature
Subjects:	Others > Genetics and Genomics Others > Plant Pathology Others > Agriculture-Farming, Production, Technology, Economics
Depositing User:	Mr Sanat Kumar Behera
Date Deposited:	06 Sep 2012 12:43
Last Modified:	29 Dec 2016 08:48
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/6116
Official URL:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.08.011
Projects:	UNSPECIFIED
Funders:	UNSPECIFIED
Acknowledgement:	The authors thank Dr. Kanwar L. Sahrawat, Adjunct Scientist, RP-Dry Land Cereals, International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India, for critically reviewing this manuscript.
Links:	Author

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