Latitudinal variation and distribution of photoperiod and temperature sensitivity for flowering in the world collection of pearl millet germplasm at ICRISAT genebank

Upadhyaya, H D and Reddy, K N and Irshad Ahmed, M and Dronavalli, N and Gowda, C L L (2012) Latitudinal variation and distribution of photoperiod and temperature sensitivity for flowering in the world collection of pearl millet germplasm at ICRISAT genebank. Plant Genetic Resources, 10 (1). pp. 59-69. ISSN 1479-2621

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Abstract

The ICRISAT genebank, Patancheru, India holds 22,211 pearl millet germplasm accessions from 50 countries, including 19,063 landraces. Among these, 15,904 landraces that were geo-referenced are either thermo-sensitive (52.5%), or photoperiod-sensitive (45.6%), or insensitive to both temperature and photoperiod (2%). Latitude ranges of 10–15°N with 39.6% and 15–20°S with 13.1% of total accessions are the important regions for pearl millet germplasm. A study on climate data of the germplasm collection sites revealed that most accessions from latitudes ranging from 10 to 20° on both sides of the equator were highly sensitive to longer photoperiod (>12.5 h) and/or lower temperature ( < 12°C). Accessions that originated in locations at higher latitudes (>20–35°) on both the hemispheres exhibited low sensitivity to both photoperiod and low temperature, as they were exposed to such climates during their evolution. The accessions that are insensitive to both photoperiod and temperature were few but they originated from locations spread across all latitudes, although the highest numbers were from mid-latitudes (15–20°) in both hemispheres. As germplasm accessions are sensitive to climatic variables such as temperature and photoperiod, recording of location-specific geo-reference data while collecting the germplasm, which can help to elucidate the sensitivity of accessions to temperature and photoperiod, is emphasized. Critical evaluation of photoperiod-sensitive accessions that are late flowering for forage production and the photoperiod-insensitive early-maturing accessions for grain production, multiple cropping and development of parental lines with synchronized flowering for the development of hybrids is suggested.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	UNSPECIFIED
CRP:	UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords:	accession; germplasm; latitude; photoperiod; sensitivity; temperature; variation
Subjects:	Mandate crops > Millets Others > Genetics and Genomics
Depositing User:	Mr Sanat Kumar Behera
Date Deposited:	10 Jan 2012 05:24
Last Modified:	29 Dec 2016 08:30
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/5327
Official URL:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1479262111000979
Projects:	UNSPECIFIED
Funders:	UNSPECIFIED
Acknowledgement:	The authors sincerely acknowledge the contribution of all former and present staff of Genebank at ICRISAT, Patan- cheru, India in the collection, assembly and conservation of pearl millet genetic resources. The help of D. Bapa Rao, G. Dasaratha Rao, G. Ram Reddy and Mohd. Ismail, all Research Technicians, in recording obser- vations, documentation and retrieval of geo-reference and climate data for this study is highly appreciated.
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