Legume genetic resources: management, diversity assessment, and utilization in crop improvement

Upadhyaya, H D and Dwivedi, S L and Ambrose, M and Ellis, N and Berger, J and Smykal, P and Debouck, D and Duc, G and Dumet, D and Flavell, A and Sharma, S K and Mallikarjuna, N and Gowda, C L L (2011) Legume genetic resources: management, diversity assessment, and utilization in crop improvement. Euphytica, 180 (1). pp. 27-47.

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Abstract

Grain legumes contribute significantly to total world food production. Legumes are the primary source of dietary proteins in many developing countries, where protein hunger and malnutrition are widespread. Grain legumes germplasm constitute ~15% of the 7.4 M accessions preserved globally. Nearly, 78% of the CGIAR’s, 0.217 M accessions, have been characterized, compared to 34% of national genebank collections. Interestingly, limited data on grain quality are available as the primary focus has been on morpho-agronomic traits. Clearly, more resources should be targeted on biochemical evaluation to identify nutritionally rich and genetically diverse germplasm. The formation of core and mini core collections has provided crop breeders with a systematic yet manageable entry point into global germplasm resources. These subsets have been reported for most legumes and have proved useful in identifying new sources of variation. They may however not eliminate the need to evaluate entire collections, particularly for very rare traits. Molecular characterization and association mapping will further aid to insights into the structure of legume diversity and facilitate greater use of collections. The use of high resolution elevational climate models has greatly improved our capacity to characterize plant habitats and species’ adaptive responses to stresses. Evidence suggests that there has been increased use of wild relatives as well as new resources resulting from mutagenesis to enhance the genetic base of legume cultigens.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	UNSPECIFIED
CRP:	UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Genetic resources and human health; Genetic stocks and mutants; Genetic erosion; Biodiversity loss; Global conservation strategies; Germplasm exchange; Core collection; FIGS; Population structure and diversity; Wild relatives; Introgression libraries
Subjects:	Mandate crops > Chickpea Mandate crops > Pigeonpea Mandate crops > Groundnut
Depositing User:	Users 6 not found.
Date Deposited:	14 Nov 2011 11:06
Last Modified:	15 Nov 2011 03:56
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/3937
Official URL:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10681-011-0449-3
Projects:	UNSPECIFIED
Funders:	UNSPECIFIED
Acknowledgement:	Author’s thanks to the anonymous reviewers for making useful suggestions that helped to improve the original submission. Sangam Dwivedi highly appreciates the support and encouragement of William Dar and the ICRISAT library staff for assistance in literature searches and sourcing reprints. Petr Smy´kal acknowledges to the Czech Ministry of Education for providing support through project MSM 2678424601.
Links:	Author

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