Speciation, Cytogenetics, and Utilization of Arachis Species

    Stalker, H T and Moss, J P (1987) Speciation, Cytogenetics, and Utilization of Arachis Species. Advances in Agronomy, 41. pp. 1-40.

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    Abstract

    Utilization of wild species for improvement of cultivated forms has been investigated since Faircloth made the first interspecific hybrids in 1717. Many wild species have been of value in crop improvement for a large number of traits (Harlan, 1976; Hawkes, 1977; Stalker, 1980a; Hadley and Openshaw, 1980). However, in leguminous oilseeds, utilization of species germplasm has proven difficult, in large part because of barriers to interspecific hybridization between species (Smartt, 1979). Further, sterility often restricts introgression from wild to cultivated accessions even when initial hybridization is possible. Interspecific hybridization is also difficult among the peanut species in the genus Arachis, but breeding populations derived from crossing A . hypogaea L. with related species are currently being evaluated for farmer use (Moss, 1985b). Four species of Arachis have been cultivated, including two diploids (2n = 2x = 20: A . villosulicarpa Hoehne and A . repens Handro) and two tetraploids (2n = 4x = 40: A . glabrata Benth. and A . hypogaea). Arachis villosulicarpa has only been cultivated by Indians in the northwestern part of the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso (Gregory et al., 1973). Arachis repens and A . glabrata have been grown in different parts of South America as forages or as ground covers in urban areas. Arachis glabrata has also been selected for forage qualities in Florida, where recent cultivar releases have been made (Prine et al., 1981). However, A . hypogaea is the only species which is cultivated extensively for commercial production of seeds and oil.

    Item Type: Article
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    Subjects: Others
    Depositing User: Mr Charan Sai Ch
    Date Deposited: 06 Nov 2011 03:05
    Last Modified: 06 Nov 2011 03:05
    URI: http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/3698
    Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60801-9
    Projects: UNSPECIFIED
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