A multidimensional core set development of sesame germplasm leveraging agro-morphological traits diversity for genetic improvement and climate resilience

Yadav, R and Vishwakarma, H and Satpathy, S and Mahalingam, A and Rangan, P and Kumar, Ajay and Ali, S and Sharma, K and Kumari, K and Arya, D K and Rialch, I and Kumhar, S R and Gohil, V and Bisen, R and Pandey, R and Rai, V and Tiwari, K and Singh, A K and Angadi, U B and Vasimalla, C C and Senthilraja, G and Sharma, P and Kumar, Pradeep and Gupta, K N and Ranebennur, H and Singh, Kartar and Langyan, S and Rana, V S and Shakil, N A and Sharma, Sanjula and Singh, A and Choudhary, R and Pradheep, K and Gomashe, S S and Ramachandran, S and Singh, M and Aravind, J and Jalli, R and Kumar, Ashok and Singh, K and Singh, G P and Kalia, S and Rathore, A (2026) A multidimensional core set development of sesame germplasm leveraging agro-morphological traits diversity for genetic improvement and climate resilience. Scientific Reports, 16. pp. 1-15. ISSN 2045-2322

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Abstract

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), an important oilseed crop, requires genetic improvement to ensure food security. Exploitation of a small fraction of genetic diversity is a major limiting factor for this crop. ICAR-NBPGR holds a large sesame base collection (6,000 unique accessions), originating from India and other countries. The study aims at the characterization of a sesame germplasm collection and development of working core set representing the variability of entire germplasm collection in the National Genebank. Characterization was carried out in an Augmented Block Design (ABD) under multi-environmental conditions (six locations representing five agro-ecological zones of India) for two consecutive years based on 33 agro-morphological traits, different levels of biotic stress (phyllody, dry root rot), abiotic stress (water logging, drought), and seed quality parameters (oil, protein, lignan, fatty acids). For core set preparation, the coincidence rate (CR%) for range and the variable rate (VR%) for coefficient of variation were maximum. Levene’s test and Newman-Keuls tests were performed to compare the entire and core collection. Diversity between the two (entire and core collection) was compared using Shannon–Weaver diversity index. We developed a sesame core set of 773 accessions, which consists of 12.88% of the entire collection. Developed core set exhibited a Coincidence rate (CR)% of 99.8% and a variable rate (VR%) of CV 103.59%. A multipurpose core set of sesame germplasm was assembled to benefit the plant breeding community (for trait introgression), farmers, and researchers to develop climate-resilient sesame cultivars.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	Genebank Global Research Program - Accelerated Crop Improvement Statistics, Bio-Informatics & Data Management
CRP:	UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Sesame accessions, Quality traits, Multilocation phenotyping, Multipurpose core collection, Stress tolerance
Subjects:	Others > Climate Resilient Technologies Others > Genetics and Genomics Others > Germplasm
Depositing User:	Mr Nagaraju T
Date Deposited:	28 Oct 2026 04:17
Last Modified:	28 Oct 2026 04:17
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/13700
Official URL:	https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-20647-w
Projects:	UNSPECIFIED
Funders:	Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India
Acknowledgement:	The authors would like to thank the Director, NBPGR, New Delhi, India, for providing laboratory facilities to conduct the research
Links:	Google Scholar

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