Host pathogen interaction and resistance screening of groundnut to stem rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii

Kiranmayee, B and Jadhav, Y and Sudini, H K and Kounain, S and Janila, P (2025) Host pathogen interaction and resistance screening of groundnut to stem rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii. Euphytica (TSI), 221. pp. 1-14. ISSN 0014-2336

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Abstract

Recently, soil borne diseases are posing a greater threat to groundnut production. Stem rot of groundnut is a soil-borne disease caused by the necrotrophic pathogen, Sclerotium rolfsii. Yield losses from major groundnut growing countries of 20–80% have been reported depending on disease intensity. Chemical and cultural practices are used to manage this disease, the soil borne nature of the pathogen and wide host range make it difficult to manage this disease by chemical and cultural methods alone. Additionally, host plant resistance is the most preferred option as it is cost-effective and an environmentally sustainable approach. Sources of resistance are reported from both cultivated species, Arachis hypogaea, and inter-specific derivatives. Spatial distribution and sensitivity of pathogen to environmental factors pose challenges to field evaluations. Although different methods of phenotyping are available, progress in breeding stem rot resistant cultivars is slow, given the challenges in using these phenotyping tools to identify quantitative disease resistance loci. Recently developed oxalic acid assay (OAA) is a robust method to distinguish plants that can easily succumb to this pathogen. Attempts were made to understand the biochemical and anatomical mechanisms and to identify genomic regions contributing towards resistance to stem rot disease. This review provides an overview of stem rot disease in groundnut, with a focus on host resistance and its application in breeding resistant cultivars.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	Global Research Program - Accelerated Crop Improvement
CRP:	UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Groundnut, Stem rot, Soil borne, Necrotrophic, Resistance, Breeding
Subjects:	Others > Plant Breeding Mandate crops > Groundnut Others > Plant Pathology
Depositing User:	Mr Nagaraju T
Date Deposited:	10 Mar 2026 04:01
Last Modified:	10 Mar 2026 04:01
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/13531
Official URL:	https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10681-0...
Projects:	UNSPECIFIED
Funders:	UNSPECIFIED
Acknowledgement:	The authors are thankful to Dr Sai Rekha Kadirimangalam for correcting and providing her valuable comments on the draft versions.
Links:	Google Scholar

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