Phytoremediation potential of metallophytes in Europe: Progress, enhancement strategies, and biomass utilisation

Ranđelović, D and Jakovljević, K and Zeremski, T and Pošćić, P and Baltrėnaitė-Gedienė, E and Noulas, C and Mašková, P and Jurković, J and Coto, D B and Milićević, T and Cornu, J Y and Habyarimana, E and Sukiasyan, A and Bert, V and Renella, G and Carletti, P and Saletović, M and Maletić, S (2025) Phytoremediation potential of metallophytes in Europe: Progress, enhancement strategies, and biomass utilisation. Journal of Environmental Management (TSI), 391. ISSN 0301-4797

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Abstract

Phytoremediation is a plant-driven process, widely regarded as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly in situ approach for remediating contaminated soil and water by taking up contaminants including potentially toxic elements (PTEs). In the last two decades, substantial research has focused on elucidating the mechanisms of phytoremediation and enhancing its efficiency, primarily through the identification of optimal plant species and the use of various amendments. Nevertheless, real-scale application of phytoremediation remains rare, and several critical questions need to be addressed, including selection of most effective species, improved effectiveness of phytoremediation process, and managing the safe utilisation of contaminated biomass. This review specifically focuses on phytoremediation of potentially toxic metals and metalloids in major metallophyte groups (wild herbaceous species, trees, and agricultural crops) recognizing the most efficient species for the anthropogenically influenced soils in Europe. It summarises the current state of knowledge regarding the use of respective plant species, highlighting the phytoremediation efficiency, critically examining existing and novel phytoremediation enhancement strategies and biomass utilisation pathways for each particular group. Future perspectives and research needed to refine the efficiency and economic viability of the phytoremediation process in Europe lay in better recognition of underlying physiological mechanism for metal stress tolerance, particularly among the most effective species and genera, application of synergistic enhancing techniques for delineated group of metallophytes and development of sustainable and cost-effective biomass utilisation routes.

Item Type: Article
Divisions: Global Research Program - Accelerated Crop Improvement
CRP: UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords: metallophytes, biomass utilisation, phytoremediation potential
Subjects: Mandate crops > Sorghum
Depositing User: Mr Nagaraju T
Date Deposited: 06 Oct 2025 06:32
Last Modified: 06 Oct 2025 06:32
URI: http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/13354
Official URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/...
Projects: UNSPECIFIED
Funders: UNSPECIFIED
Acknowledgement: This paper is based upon the work of EU COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) Action 19116 Trace metal metabolism in plants – PLANTMETALS members, who contributed with their expertise and results...
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