Evaluation of Hybrid Sorghum Parents for Morphological, Physiological and Agronomic Traits Under Post-Flowering Drought

Touré, K and Jumbo, M B and Sissoko, S and Nebie, B and Falalou, H and Diancoumba, M and Abdou, H and Dembele, J S B and Gano, B and Sodio, B (2025) Evaluation of Hybrid Sorghum Parents for Morphological, Physiological and Agronomic Traits Under Post-Flowering Drought. Agronomy (TSI), 15 (6). pp. 1-16. ISSN 2073-4395

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Abstract

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor, (L.) Moench.), is one of the most important cereals in semi-arid and subtropical regions of Africa. However, in these regions, sorghum cultivation is often faced with several constraints. In Mali, terminal or post-flowering drought, caused by the early cessation of rains towards the end of the rainy season, is one of the most common constraints. Sorghum is generally adapted to harsh conditions. However, drought combined to heat reduce its yield and production in tropical and subtropical regions. To identify parents of sorghum hybrids tolerant to post-flowering drought for commercial hybrids development and deployment, a total of 200 genotypes, including male and female parents of the hybrids, were evaluated in 2022 by lysimeters under two water regimes, well-irrigated and water-stressed, at ICRISAT in Niger. Agronomic traits such as phenological stages, physiological traits including transpiration efficiency, and morphological traits such as green leaf number were recorded. Genotype × environment (G × E) interaction was significant for harvest index (HI), green leaf number (GLN), and transpiration efficiency (TE), indicating different responses of genotypes under varying water conditions. Transpiration efficiency (TE) was significantly and positively correlated with total biomass (BT), harvest index (HI), and grain weight (GW) under both stress conditions. Genotypes ICSV216094, ICSB293, ICSV1049, ICSV1460016, and ICSV216074 performed better under optimal and stress conditions. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) results led to the identification of three groups of genotypes. The Groups 1 and 3 are characterized by their yield stability and better performance under stress and optimal conditions. These two groups could be used by breeding programs to develop high yield and drought tolerant hybrids.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	Research Program : West & Central Africa
CRP:	UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords:	sorghum genotypes, terminal drought, lysimeter, water stress
Subjects:	Mandate crops > Sorghum Others > Drought
Depositing User:	Mr Nagaraju T
Date Deposited:	24 Sep 2025 04:11
Last Modified:	24 Sep 2025 04:11
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/13338
Official URL:	https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/6/1399
Projects:	Improving Crop Productivity and Climate Resilience for Food and Nutrition Security in Mali
Funders:	European Union
Acknowledgement:	We thank all of the staff at the Plant Physiology Laboratory at ICRISAT Niger who assisted us with data collection.
Links:	Google Scholar

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