Yadav, O P and Gupta, S K and Mahala, R S and Ramalingam, A P and Parray, S A and Perumal, R (2024) Pearl Millet Hybrid Development and Seed Production. In: Pearl Millet: A Resilient Cereal Crop for Food, Nutrition, and Climate Security. Agronomy Monographs, 1 (1). John Wiley & Sons, Inc., USA, pp. 165-206. ISBN 9780891184041
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Pearl millet [ Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] is the sixth most important crop grown for food, fodder and forage. It is a potential crop for regions having low soil fertility, high pH, low soil moisture, high temperature, high salinity, and limited rainfall. Being a highly cross-pollinated species, pearl millet was researched comprehensively in 1960s to exploit heterosis. The discovery of cytoplasmic-nuclear male-sterility (CMS) in US proved a milestone in exploiting heterosis commercially in India. With development of fertility restorers of hybrids, a new era of commercially viable hybrid development started. With 25-30% yield advantage in hybrids in comparison to open-pollinating varieties, hybrid development has been a top priority. Hybrids having high yield potential with maturity duration of 75–85 days, and tolerance to different biotic and abiotic stresses remain high priority. Genetic and cytoplasmic diversification is the most important strategy to control downy mildew and other diseases. Genetic diversity in parental lines is critical to enhance genetic potential of hybrids. A large number of genetically diverse hybrids are developed and deployed in different ecological regions. Consequently, productivity has increased from 303 kg/ha during 1950–1954 to 1239 kg/ha during 2020-24 in India due to the widespread use of high-yielding and disease-resistant cultivars with improved production technology. A robust seed production and delivery system is in place to provide high-quality seeds of improved hybrids. During the last three decades, yield levels in seed production plots have doubled, mainly due to the development of high-yielding parental lines and improved crop management skills of farmers. Government policies and protection of hybrids through the Protection of Plant Variety and Farmers' Rights Authority (PPVFRA) have played a pivotal role for increased investment in research and development by the private sector. Good opportunities are coming up to extend advantage of hybrid technology to eastern, central and west African countries.
| Item Type: | Book Section |
|---|---|
| Divisions: | Global Research Program - Accelerated Crop Improvement |
| CRP: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Series Name: | Agronomy Monographs |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | seed production, hybrid development, pearl millet |
| Subjects: | Mandate crops > Millets > Pearl Millet Others > Seeds/Seed Bank |
| Depositing User: | Mr Nagaraju T |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Nov 2024 06:20 |
| Last Modified: | 26 Nov 2024 06:20 |
| URI: | http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/12869 |
| Acknowledgement: | UNSPECIFIED |
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