A Nutritional Survey of Local Barley Populations Based on the Mineral Bioavailability, Fatty Acid Profile, and Geographic Distribution of Fusarium Species and the Mycotoxin Zearalenone (ZEN)

    Bouajila, A and Lamine, M and Hamdi, Z and Ghorbel, A and Gangashetty, P I (2022) A Nutritional Survey of Local Barley Populations Based on the Mineral Bioavailability, Fatty Acid Profile, and Geographic Distribution of Fusarium Species and the Mycotoxin Zearalenone (ZEN). Agronomy (TSI), 12 (4). pp. 1-12. ISSN 2073-4395

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    Abstract

    Knowledge about the extent of nutrient variability in local barley germplasm is an important prerequisite for efficient crop improvement. The present study is one of the first to assess the potential of Tunisian barley populations (named Testour, Gergis, and Enfidha) as sources of desirable traits for barley improvement and for the prevalence of Fusarium species and the mytoxin zearalenone (ZEN). Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences between barley populations for nutrients density. The lowest phytate/zinc molar ratios were observed in Testour and Enfidha populations with 7.23 and 9.97, respectively. However, the bioavailability of iron of most barley populations (95.4%) was inhibited mainly by the high phytate content. Oleic acid (15.2–18.7%), linoleic acid (13.8–16.01%), and palmitoleic acid (4.7–14.2%) were identified as predominant fatty acid constituents in all three barley populations. Based on morphologic and molecular characterization, Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium culmorum were the predominant species that infected Testour, Gergis, and Enfidha populations. The concentration of zearalenone ranged between 0 and 140 µg kg−1. The highest levels of zearalenone, 92 μg kg−1 and 60 μg kg−1, were detected in Testour populations that were infected with F. graminearum and F. culmorum, respectively. These relatively low amounts of zearalenone in barley populations can be attributed to the Tunisian climate and the resistance of local genotypes. Testour and Enfidha barley populations could potentially be used to improve breeding programs for biofortification.

    Item Type: Article
    Divisions: Global Research Program - Accelerated Crop Improvement
    CRP: UNSPECIFIED
    Uncontrolled Keywords: barley population, nutrient traits, fatty acid profile, Fusarium spp., zearalenone
    Subjects: Others > Food and Nutrition
    Depositing User: Mr Nagaraju T
    Date Deposited: 14 Mar 2024 03:02
    Last Modified: 14 Mar 2024 03:02
    URI: http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/12574
    Official URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/4/916
    Projects: UNSPECIFIED
    Funders: UNSPECIFIED
    Acknowledgement: This work was supported by the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research.
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