State of ex situ conservation of landrace groups of 25 major crops

Ramirez-Villegas, J and Khoury, C K and Achicanoy, H A and Diaz, M V and Mendez, A C and Sosa, C C and Kehel, Z and Guarino, L and Abberton, M and Aunario, J and Awar, B A and Alarcon, J C and Amri, A and Anglin, N L and Azevedo, V and Aziz, K and Capilit, G L and Chavez, O and Chebotarov, D and Costich, D E and Debouck, D G and Ellis, D and Falalou, H and Fiu, A and Ghanem, M E and Giovannini, P and Goungoulou, A J and Gueye, B and Hobyb, A I E and Jamnadass, R and Jones, C S and Kpeki, B and Lee, J and McNally, K L and Muchugi, A and Ndjiondjop, M N and Oyatomi, O and Payne, T S and Ramachandran, S and Rossel, G and Roux, N and Ruas, M and Sansaloni, C and Sardos, J and Setiyono, T D and Tchamba, M and Houwe, I v d and Velazquez, J A and Venuprasad, R and Wenzl, P and Yazbek, M and Zavala, C (2022) State of ex situ conservation of landrace groups of 25 major crops. Nature Plants, 8. pp. 491-499. ISSN 2055-0278

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Abstract

Crop landraces have unique local agroecological and societal functions and offer important genetic resources for plant breeding. Recognition of the value of landrace diversity and concern about its erosion on farms have led to sustained efforts to establish ex situ collections worldwide. The degree to which these efforts have succeeded in conserving landraces has not been comprehensively assessed. Here we modelled the potential distributions of eco-geographically distinguishable groups of landraces of 25 cereal, pulse and starchy root/tuber/fruit crops within their geographic regions of diversity. We then analysed the extent to which these landrace groups are represented in genebank collections, using geographic and ecological coverage metrics as a proxy for genetic diversity. We find that ex situ conservation of landrace groups is currently moderately comprehensive on average, with substantial variation among crops; a mean of 63% ± 12.6% of distributions is currently represented in genebanks. Breadfruit, bananas and plantains, lentils, common beans, chickpeas, barley and bread wheat landrace groups are among the most fully represented, whereas the largest conservation gaps persist for pearl millet, yams, finger millet, groundnut, potatoes and peas. Geographic regions prioritized for further collection of landrace groups for ex situ conservation include South Asia, the Mediterranean and West Asia, Mesoamerica, sub-Saharan Africa, the Andean mountains of South America and Central to East Asia. With further progress to fill these gaps, a high degree of representation of landrace group diversity in genebanks is feasible globally, thus fulfilling international targets for their ex situ conservation.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	Genebank Research Program : West & Central Africa
CRP:	UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Climate-change adaptation, Conservation biology
Subjects:	Others > Climate Adaptation Others > Climate Change
Depositing User:	Mr Nagaraju T
Date Deposited:	09 Feb 2024 11:07
Last Modified:	09 Feb 2024 11:07
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/12450
Official URL:	https://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-022-01144-8
Projects:	UNSPECIFIED
Funders:	UNSPECIFIED
Acknowledgement:	Support was provided by the CGIAR Genebank Platform (J.R.-V., C.K.K., H.A., M.V.D., A.M., C.C.S., Z.K., L.G., M.A., J.A., B.A.A., J.C.A., A.A., N.L.A., V.A., K.A., G.L.C., O.C., D.C., D.E.C., D.G.D., D.E., H.F., A.F., M.E.G., P.G., A.J.G., B.G., A.I.E.H., R.J., C.S.J., B.K., J.-S.L., K.L.M., A.M., M.-N.N., O.O., T.S.P., S.R., G.R., N.R., M.R., C.S., J.S., T.D.S., M.T., I.v.d.H., J.A.V., R.V., P.W., M.Y. and C.Z.) and by grant number 2019-67012-29733/project accession number 1019405 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (C.K.K.).
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