Linking of Genebank to Breeding and Food Security

Singh, K and Senthil, R and Peerzada, O and Kumar, A and Baraskar, S S and Jagadeesh, K and Baig, M and Vetriventhan, M (2024) Linking of Genebank to Breeding and Food Security. In: Frontier Technologies for Crop Improvement. Sustainability Sciences in Asia and Africa . Springer, Singapore, pp. 9-34. ISBN 978-981-99-4673-0

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Abstract

Genebanks have the responsibility of collecting, maintaining, characterizing, evaluating, documenting and distributing plant genetic resources for research, education and breeding purposes globally. About 7.4 million germplasm accessions are conserved ex situ in the genebanks globally. Efficient use of germplasm in crop improvement is depending on the availability of accession-level information on the traits of interest. For the majority of accessions, only basic passport and characterization data are available, while data on unique traits is generally lacking that limits their utilization in crop improvement. Development of germplasm diversity and trait-specific subsets enhanced availability of accessions-level information. Researchers can search in the global plant genetic resources database called Genesys PGR which contains passport data, characterization and evaluation data sets and trait-specific subsets developed on various crops (https://www.genesys-pgr.org/). The impact of germplasm for contributing to increased yield, adaptation, nutrition and improved health and sustainable agriculture has been demonstrated in many crops. There are many instances where a single plant genetic resource has proved to have large commercial value by conferring a specific trait. With the availability of new technologies such as high-throughput large-scale phenotypic assessment for key traits and use of multi-omic tools could accelerate rapid identification of traits and genes for breeding improved cultivars. This chapter details about ex situ germplasm conservation, discovering climate resilient germplasm following different approaches such as diversity and trait-specific subsets, focused germplasm identification strategy, molecular characterization of germplasm and trait discovery, access to germplasm and the impact of genebank contributing to the global agriculture sustainability.

Item Type:	Book Section
Divisions:	Genebank Statistics, Bio-Informatics & Data Management
CRP:	UNSPECIFIED
Series Name:	Sustainability Sciences in Asia and Africa
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Plant Genetic Resources, Germplasm, Ex situ genebank, Conservation, Breeding, Genomics, Food Security
Subjects:	Others > Plant Genetic Resources Others > Food Security Others > Germplasm
Depositing User:	Mr Nagaraju T
Date Deposited:	02 Feb 2024 05:40
Last Modified:	02 Feb 2024 05:40
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/12422
Acknowledgement:	UNSPECIFIED
Links:	Google Scholar

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