Soil Bacterial Diversity and Potential Functions Are Regulated by Long-Term Conservation Tillage and Straw Mulching

Liu, C and Li, L and Xie, J and Coulter, J A and Zhang, R and Luo, Z and Cai, L and Wang, L and Gopalakrishnan, S (2020) Soil Bacterial Diversity and Potential Functions Are Regulated by Long-Term Conservation Tillage and Straw Mulching. Microorganisms (TSI), 8 (836). pp. 1-16. ISSN 2076-2607

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Abstract

Soil physiochemical properties are regulated by cropping practices, but little is known about how tillage influences soil microbial community diversity and functions. Here, we assessed soil bacterial community assembly and functional profiles in relation to tillage. Soils, collected in 2018 from a 17‐year field experiment in northwestern China, were analyzed using high‐throughput sequencing and the PICRUSt approach. The taxonomic diversity of bacterial communities was dominated primarily by the phyla Proteobacteria (32–56%), Bacteroidetes (12–33%), and Actinobacteria (17–27%). Alpha diversity (Chao1, Shannon, Simpson, and operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness) was highest under no‐tillage with crop residue removed (NT). Crop residue retention on the soil surface (NTS) or incorporated into soil (TS) promoted the abundance of Proteobacteria by 16 to 74% as compared to conventional tillage (T). Tillage practices mainly affected the pathways of soil metabolism, genetic information processing, and environmental information processing. Soil organic C and NH4–N were the principal contributors to the diversity and composition of soil microbiota, whereas soil pH, total nitrogen, total P, and moisture had little effect. Our results suggest that long‐term conservation practices with no‐tillage and crop residue retention shape soil bacterial community composition through modifying soil physicochemical properties and promoting the metabolic function of soil microbiomes.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	Research Program : Asia
CRP:	UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Conservation tillage, Field pea, Soil microbial community, High‐throughput sequencing, PICRUSt
Subjects:	Others > Soil Science Others > Water Conservation
Depositing User:	Mr Arun S
Date Deposited:	12 Jun 2020 10:36
Last Modified:	12 Jun 2020 10:36
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/11516
Official URL:	https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8060836
Projects:	UNSPECIFIED
Funders:	Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, The National Natural Science Foundation of China, Fostering Foundation for Excellent Ph.D. Dissertations of Gansu Agricultural University
Acknowledgement:	We appreciate the excellent technical assistance for field sampling and laboratory tests provided by undergrade and graduate students at the Gansu Agricultural University Rainfed Agricultural Experimental Station.
Links:	Google Scholar

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