Diapause disruption in Cirina butyrospermi Vuillet (Lepidoptera, Attacidae), the shea caterpillar, in Burkina Faso

Bama, H B and Dabire, R A and Ouattara, D and Niassy, S and Ba, M N and Dakouo, D (2018) Diapause disruption in Cirina butyrospermi Vuillet (Lepidoptera, Attacidae), the shea caterpillar, in Burkina Faso. Journal of Insects as Food and Feed, 4 (4). pp. 239-245. ISSN 2352-4588

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Abstract

The shea caterpillar Cirina butyrospermi is an important insect, highly valued as a human food item in Burkina Faso. However, its appearance is seasonal due to its univoltine cycle. This study therefore investigated the possibilities of breaking the nymphal diapause by changing the environmental factors and through the hormonal treatment of prepupae and pupae using bovine insulin and 20-hydroxyecdysone. Changes in humidity and temperature did not result in emergence, suggesting a mandatory nature of the diapause in C. butyrospermi. Injection of 20-hydroxyecdysone between 20 and 40 ng on 20 C. butyrospermi pupae resulted in 15.24 and 47.5% emergence, respectively. The incubation time varied between 40 and 38 days, respectively. No emergence was observed with the injection of bovine insulin. Dipping of C. butyrospermi larvae and pupae in solutions of 20-hydroxyecdysone resulted in similar rates of emergence between the two stages, with slight variations between individual doses: (1) for larvae, emergence was recorded at 10, 8, 5 and 15 mg/l with 98.5, 62.14, 25.73 and 24.16%, respectively; the incubation times varied from 39 days at 5 mg/l to 26 days at 20 mg/l; and (2) for pupae, emergence occurred between 5 and 20 mg/l, with the highest emergence rate recorded at 10, 8 and 15 mg/l with 94.58, 65.83 and 29.58%, respectively; the incubation times varied from 53 days for the lowest dose (5 mg/l) to 37 days (20 mg/l); the best emergence rate of 94.58% coincided with an incubation time of 43 days at 10 mg/l. No emergence was observed beyond 20 mg/l in both stages. Hormonal treatment with 20-hydroxyecdysone did not affect the fecundity of C. butyrospermi, with the fecundity of artificially emerging adults overlapping with that of naturally emerging adults. The emergence rate for both was similar. These results contribute to a better understanding of the physiology of this insect, constituting a breakthrough in its sustainable use as human food.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	Research Program : West & Central Africa
CRP:	UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Cirina, univoltine, moulting hormone, Burkina Faso, human consumption, Cirina butyrospermi Vuillet caterpillar, food, West Africa, human food, insect
Subjects:	Others > Burkina Faso Others > Entomology Others > Food Security Others > Africa Others > West Africa
Depositing User:	Mr Ramesh K
Date Deposited:	09 Aug 2019 10:16
Last Modified:	09 Aug 2019 10:16
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/11226
Official URL:	https://doi.org/10.3920/JIFF2017.0068
Projects:	UNSPECIFIED
Funders:	UNSPECIFIED
Acknowledgement:	In memory of Prof. Dona Dakouo, Research Director, Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) of Farako-Bâ Research Center (INERA), Burkina Faso. Professor René Lafont (Sorbonne Universities/UPMC – IBPS-BIOSIPE, Paris, France) is gratefully acknowledged for providing the moulting hormone. The authors are indebted to Dr L. Dinan for the critical reading and linguistic improvement of the manuscript.
Links:	Google Scholar

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