Sequencing of Cultivated Peanut, Arachis hypogaea, Yields Insights into Genome Evolution and Oil Improvement

Chen, X and Lu, Q and Liu, H and Zhang, J and Hong, Y and Lan, H and Li, H and Wang, J and Liu, H and Li, S and Pandey, M K and Zhang, Z and Zhou, G and Yu, J and Zhang, G and Yuan, J and Li, X and Wen, S and Meng, F and Yu, S and Wang, X and Siddique, K H M and Liu, Z J and Paterson, A H and Varshney, R K and Liang, X (2019) Sequencing of Cultivated Peanut, Arachis hypogaea, Yields Insights into Genome Evolution and Oil Improvement. Molecular Plant (TSI), 12 (7). pp. 920-934. ISSN 16742052

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Abstract

Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is an allotetraploid crop planted in Asia, Africa, and America for edible oil and protein. To explore the origins and consequences of tetraploidy, we sequenced the allotetraploid A. hypogaea genome and compared it with the related diploid Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaensis genomes. We annotated 39 888 A-subgenome genes and 41 526 B-subgenome genes in allotetraploid peanut. The A. hypogaea subgenomes have evolved asymmetrically, with the B subgenome resembling the ancestral state and the A subgenome undergoing more gene disruption, loss, conversion, and transposable element proliferation, and having reduced gene expression during seed development despite lacking genome-wide expression dominance. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses identified more than 2 500 oil metabolism-related genes and revealed that most of them show altered expression early in seed development while their expression ceases during desiccation, presenting a comprehensive map of peanut lipid biosynthesis. The availability of these genomic resources will facilitate a better understanding of the complex genome architecture, agronomically and economically important genes, and genetic improvement of peanut.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	Research Program : Genetic Gains
CRP:	UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords:	cultivated peanut, de novo sequencing, comparative genomics, genome evolution, oil metabolism, genome Sequencing
Subjects:	Mandate crops > Groundnut Others > Genetics and Genomics
Depositing User:	Mr Ramesh K
Date Deposited:	08 Aug 2019 09:20
Last Modified:	08 Aug 2019 09:20
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/11221
Official URL:	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2019.03.005
Projects:	UNSPECIFIED
Funders:	UNSPECIFIED
Acknowledgement:	This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31501246, 31771841, 31801401), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2017A030311007), the Modern Agroindustry Technology Research System (CARS-14), the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (2015B020231006, 2015A020209051, 2016B020201003, 2016LM3161, 2016LM3164, 2014A020208060 and S2013020012647), the International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of Guangdong Province (2013B050800021), the Agricultural Science and Technology Program of Guangdong (2013B020301014), and the teamwork projects funded Guangdong Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (no. 2017A030312004).
Links:	Google Scholar

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