Characterization of the main chickpea cropping systems in India using a yield gap analysis approach

Hajjarpoor, A and Vadez, V and Soltani, A and Gaur, P M and Whitbread, A M and Suresh Babu, D and Gumma, M K and Diancoumba, M and Kholova, J (2018) Characterization of the main chickpea cropping systems in India using a yield gap analysis approach. Field Crops Research (TSI), 223. pp. 93-104. ISSN 03784290

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Abstract

Chickpea is an important livelihood option and nutritious food source for many subsistence farming communities in the developing world. Although India is the biggest chickpea producing nation, the demands of its growing population are not met by domestic production. This study uses a modelling approach to quantify the region-specific constraints and yield gaps limiting chickpea productivity and evaluates the potential for boosting production in the major chickpea growing regions of India. Information on bio-geo-physical properties (weather, soil, crop, management) of these regions was collated and the SSM-iLegume model used to reproduce seasonal variability and potential yield for the major chickpea producing districts to estimate the yield gap. Further, we estimated the difference between the yield potential and the currently achieved yields; i.e. yield-gap. The results showed that India has the capacity to produce 40% more chickpea (i.e. 80% of the achievable yield) than is the current production status under the standard crop management practices. We also found that chickpea crop production in rain-fed systems is largely limited by water availability during the season (∼64%) but with large variability in the drought stress effect on yields between the investigated districts. Observed geo-bio-physical properties of the districts and simulation results of yield gap analysis were used to cluster chickpea-growing districts into six distinct units with higher degrees of similarities; i.e. homogeneous system units (HSU). Within each HSU a similar system response to genotype-by-management (GxM) intervention is expected and the effects of particular interventions could be further tested using the modelling set-up developed for this study. The identified HSUs, each with a well-defined set of yield-limiting constraints, are proposed as authentic breeding units in crop improvement programs (“target population of environments”) and we further discuss the need to use the HSU-specific breeding strategy to enhance chickpea production in India.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	Research Program : Asia Research Program : Innovation Systems for the Drylands (ISD) Research Program : West & Central Africa
CRP:	CGIAR Research Program on Grain Legumes and Dryland Cereals (GLDC)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Potential yield; Homogeneous system unit; SSM-iLegume model; Increasing production; Chickpea
Subjects:	Others > Crop Yield Others > Cropping and Farming Systems Mandate crops > Chickpea
Depositing User:	Mr Ramesh K
Date Deposited:	19 Apr 2018 05:51
Last Modified:	28 May 2018 04:28
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/10601
Official URL:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2018.03.023
Projects:	UNSPECIFIED
Funders:	UNSPECIFIED
Acknowledgement:	Special thanks to Department of Crops Physiology, ICRISAT, Patancheru, India for hosting the first author for his sabbatical period and Iranian Ministry of Science for financial support of this visit. We are also grateful to Dr. Alex C. Ruane for providing the synthetic data of AgMERRA. The CGIAR Research Program for Grain Legumes partially funded the time of authors Kholová and Vadez. Dr Kesava Rao, and the late V. Nageswara Rao are acknowledged for their advice on climate data and definition of the homogeneous system units.
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