Irungu, F G and Mutungi, C and Faraj, A and Affognon, H D and Ekesi, S and Nakimbugwe, D and Fiaboe, K K M (2019) Optimization of extruder cooking conditions for the manufacture of fish feeds using response surface methodology. Journal of Food Process Engineering (TSI), 42(2) (12980). ISSN 0145-8876
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Abstract
Abstract A composite blend consisting of sunflower cake, maize germ, wheat bran, fresh water shrimps and cassava flour was extruded using a single‐screw extruder to produce expanded fish feed pellets. The effects of temperature (80–120 °C), die diameter (2–4 mm), and feed pre‐conditioning time (50–150 s; steam 400 kPa) on properties of the pellets (expansion ratio, bulk density, floatability, durability, water absorption, water solubility, water stability, and in‐vitro protein digestibility) were investigated using response surface methodology. Regression equations describing the effect of each variable on the product responses were obtained. The pellets extruded using a factor combination of 120 °C extruder barrel temperature, 2 mm die diameter, and 100 s of feed pre‐conditioning time gave most desirable pellet floatability (100%), durability index (99%), expansion ratio (2.64), water absorption index (4.12), water solubility index (9.31), water stability (87%), bulk density (479 g/L), and in vitro protein digestibility (69.97%) with a composite desirability of 0.88. Practical applications Extrusion is a modern feed processing method whose use is fast gaining popularity among small feed processors in developing countries. However, extrusion is a process that involves many parameters that need to be optimized for desirable end properties. These findings guide fish feed manufacturers on the optimum conditions for single screw extruders for production of feeds with desirable properties especially for the fish types that are top feeders. In addition, the results offer important insights on how temperature, die diameter, and feed pre‐conditioning, may be manipulated to influence properties of extruded aquafeed when using simple low‐cost small‐scale extruders.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Divisions: | Research Program : West & Central Africa |
| CRP: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | aqua feeds, fish feeds, feed processing |
| Subjects: | Others |
| Depositing User: | Mr Ramesh K |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Sep 2019 06:02 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Sep 2019 06:51 |
| URI: | http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/11289 |
| Official URL: | https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpe.12980 |
| Projects: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Funders: | Australia Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), International Development Research Centre, Canada (IDRC), INSFEED ‐ Insect feed for poultry and fish production in Kenya and Uganda. |
| Acknowledgement: | This research work was supported by “INSFEED - Insect feed for poultry and fish production in Kenya and Uganda” (Grant No.: 107839-001) by International Development Research Centre, Canada (IDRC) and Australia Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR). We thank Bidii Fish Farmers who are based at Luanda, Vihiga County, Kenya for allowing us to use their extruder to conduct experimental trials. |
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