http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/9181 2015-12-14T05:24:23Z info:eu-repo/semantics/descriptiveMetadata http://oar.icrisat.org/9181/ Global Food Security Support Analysis Data (GFSAD) at Nominal 1 km (GCAD) Derived from Remote Sensing in Support of Food Security in the Twenty-First Century: Current Achievements and Future Possibilities Teluguntla, P Thenkabail, P S Xiong, J Gumma, M K Giri, C Milesi, C Ozdogan, M Congalton, R G Tilton, J Agriculture-Farming, Production, Technology, Economics Climate Change The precise estimation of the global agricultural cropland— extents, areas, geographic locations, crop types, cropping intensities, and their watering methods (irrigated or rain-fed; type of irrigation)—provides a critical scientific basis for the development of water and food security policies (Thenkabail et al., 2010, 2011, 2012). By year 2100, the global human population is expected to grow to 10.4 billion under median fertility variants or higher under constant or higher fertility variants (Table 6.1) with over three-quarters living in developing countries and in regions that already lack the capacity to produce enough food. With current agricultural practices, the increased demand for food and nutrition would require about 2 billion hectares of additional cropland, about twice the equivalent to the land area of the United States, and lead to significant increases in greenhouse gas productions associated with agricultural practices and activities (Tillman et al., 2011). For example, during 1960–2010, world population more than doubled from 3 to 7 billion. The nutritional demand of the population also grew swiftly during this period from an average of about 2000 calories per day per person in 1960 to nearly 3000 calories per day per person in 2010. The food demand of increased population along with increased nutritional demand during this period was met by the “green revolution,” which more than tripled the food production, even though croplands decreased from about 0.43 ha per capita to 0.26 ha per capita (FAO, 2009). The increase in food production during the green revolution was the result of factors such as: (1) expansion of irrigated croplands, which had increased in 2000 from 130 Mha in the 1960s to between 278 Mha (Siebert et al., 2006) and 467 Mha (Thenkabail et al., 2009a,b,c), with the larger estimate due to consideration of cropping intensity; (2) increase in yield and per capita production of food (e.g., cereal production from 280 to 380 kg/person and meat from 22 to 34 kg/person (McIntyre, 2008); (3) new cultivar types (e.g., hybrid varieties of wheat and rice, biotechnology); and (4) modern agronomic and crop management practices (e.g., fertilizers, herbicide, pesticide applications)... CRC Press Thenkabail, P S 2015-10 Book Section PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://oar.icrisat.org/9181/1/05_K22130_C006_Glo.pdf Teluguntla, P and Thenkabail, P S and Xiong, J and Gumma, M K and Giri, C and Milesi, C and Ozdogan, M and Congalton, R G and Tilton, J (2015) Global Food Security Support Analysis Data (GFSAD) at Nominal 1 km (GCAD) Derived from Remote Sensing in Support of Food Security in the Twenty-First Century: Current Achievements and Future Possibilities. In: Land Resources Monitoring, Modeling, and Mapping with Remote Sensing. CRC Press, pp. 131-160. ISBN 9781482217957 info:eu-repo/semantics/objectFile info:eu-repo/semantics/humanStartPage