eprintid: 8971
rev_number: 21
eprint_status: archive
userid: 1305
dir: disk0/00/00/89/71
datestamp: 2015-09-03 07:26:11
lastmod: 2016-08-26 09:23:12
status_changed: 2015-09-03 07:26:11
type: conference_item
metadata_visibility: show
creators_name: Ratnadass, A
creators_name: Ryckewaert, P
creators_name: Thunes, K
creators_name: Claude, Z
creators_name: Nikiema, A
creators_name: Pasternak, D
creators_name: Woltering, L
creators_name: Zakari-Moussa, O
icrisatcreators_name: Claude, Z
icrisatcreators_name: Nikiema, A
icrisatcreators_name: Pasternak, D
icrisatcreators_name: Woltering, L
affiliation: CIRAD(Montpellier)
affiliation: Norsk institutt for skog og landskap (Fana)
affiliation: ICRISAT (Niamey)
affiliation: Abdou Moumouni University (Niamey)
country: France
country: Niger
country: Norway
title: New ecological options for the management of horticultural crop pests in Sudano-Sahelian agroecosystems of west Africa
ispublished: pub
subjects: s2.4
full_text_status: public
pres_type: paper
keywords: Moringa, Ziziphus mauritiana, Cajanus cajan, Jatropha curcas, agro-forestry, Noorda, fruit fly, Carpomya incompleta, Niger
abstract: The agroecological approach to agroecosystem management relies on two
pillars: vegetational diversification and soil biological activity enhancement. Although
crop pests and their natural enemies may be diversely affected by measures derived
from these principles, those generally result in increased agroecosystem resilience visà-
vis both aerial and soil pests. Earlier studies by ICRISAT and CIRAD and their
partners in West Africa showed the potential of the implementation of these principles
for the management of some major pests of both staple food and horticultural crops,
and their limitations for others, notably in the water-saving and income-generating
systems mixing cereals, legumes, and high-value crops currently promoted in the
Sudano-Sahelian zones, such as the drip irrigation-based African Market Garden
(AMG) and the water harvesting-based Bio-Reclamation of Degraded Lands (BDL)
systems. Pigeon-pea showed potential for trap-cropping tomato fruit worm (TFW) on
okra, while Andropogon grass was dismissed for such management of stem-borer on
pearl millet, and mixed results were obtained with castor bean and other potential
trap crops for panicle-feeding bug management on sorghum. The results presented
highlight the potential for mobilizing either aerial or soil-bound biological processes
for managing fruit flies (FF), the main pest of grafted jujube tree, and leaf worm, the
main pest of the Moringa tree, for sustainable production of these two major crops (in
BDL and AMG systems, respectively), without having to rely on synthetic pesticide
sprays. Studies on the social acceptability of the proposed management options (e.g.,
pigeon-pea in okra-based BDL) are also underway. The potential of the Jatropha
shrub grown as a live-fence around these systems, either for its top-down effects or via
the use of its extracts in an assisted push-pull strategy, is discussed. These studies on
targeted pathosystems serve the dual purpose of finding solutions to local problems
and contribute more globally to the design of pest resilient agrosystems.
date: 2011
date_type: published
publication: Ecological Indicators
volume: 60
publisher: Elsevier
pagerange: 85-92
event_title: Proc. XXVIIIth IHC – IS on Plant Protection
event_type: conference
refereed: TRUE
issn: 1470-160X
citation:   Ratnadass, A and Ryckewaert, P and Thunes, K and Claude, Z and Nikiema, A and Pasternak, D and Woltering, L and Zakari-Moussa, O  (2011) New ecological options for the management of horticultural crop pests in Sudano-Sahelian agroecosystems of west Africa.  In: Proc. XXVIIIth IHC – IS on Plant Protection.     
document_url: http://oar.icrisat.org/8971/1/Ratnadass%20et%20al%202011.pdf