OAR@ICRISATImplications and Ways to Enhance Nutrient Use Efficiency Under Changing ClimatePKannanauthorPArunachalamauthorMGovindarajauthorIntroduction of fertilizer and fertilizer responsive crop varieties paved way for green revolution and it was responsible for doubling the crop production to meet the food grain needs of ever growing global population. Over the four decades reduced use of organic manure and injudicious use of inorganic fertilizer led to declining trend of organic carbon and pose serious global warming threats to the environment as well as mankind. Among the mineral fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer occupies a major share in the global scenario in terms of production and application, it is the important crop responsive fertilizer at the same time overdose and improper application may cause N2O emission and NO3 contamination in groundwater. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied in large quantity next to nitrogen. Continuous use of primary nutrients and negligence of secondary (Ca, Mg and S) and micronutrients (Fe, Zn, B, Cu, Mn and Mo) application exposed severe multi-nutrient defi ciency in the soil. Changing climate highly infl uence the crop phenology, physiology, root morphology and uptake mechanism. Th erefore it is inevitable to understand the climate change mediated changes in soil nutrient availability and plant nutrient uptake in diff erent ecosystem. In the past two decades decreasing trend of nutrients utilization effi ciency and defi ciency of micronutrients rendered the land barren under changing climate. But direct impact of climate change on nutrient availability and uptake mechanism has not been understood. In this context, developing or modifying the management strategies to enhance the use effi ciency of applied nutrients is of paramount importance. Climate smart management techniques such as appropriate timing of nutrient application, using effi cient irrigation practices, converting to nitrogen-fi xing plants as cover crops and crop rotation. Employing advanced fertilization techniques such as controlled-release fertilizers and nitrifi cation inhibitors enhances crop productivity in sustainable manner. All these management techniques need to be tested through diff erent quantitative measures of nutrient use effi ciency of crops under diff erent soil conditions. Development of smart fertilizer delivery system for all the crops in diff erent cropping system needs to be explored. Tailoring of higher nutrient use effi ciency cultivars of diff erent crops should to be accelerated using advanced breeding techniques to mitigate adverse infl uence of climate change on crop productivity improvement.Climate Change2015-04-28I K International Publishing House Pvt. LtdBook Section

For work being deposited by its own author: In self-archiving this collection of files and associated bibliographic metadata, I grant OAR@ICRISAT the right to store them and to make them permanently available publicly for free on-line. I declare that this material is my own intellectual property and I understand that OAR@ICRISAT does not assume any responsibility if there is any breach of copyright in distributing these files or metadata. (All authors are urged to prominently assert their copyright on the title page of their work.)

For work being deposited by someone other than its author: I hereby declare that the collection of files and associated bibliographic metadata that I am archiving at OAR@ICRISAT) is in the public domain. If this is not the case, I accept full responsibility for any breach of copyright that distributing these files or metadata may entail.

Clicking on the deposit button indicates your agreement to these terms.