?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_id=306-2012&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Foar.icrisat.org%2F8117%2F&rft.title=Vulnerability+to+Climate+Change%3A+Adaptation+Strategies+and+Layers+of+Resilience+%E2%80%93+Quantifying+Vulnerability+to+Climate%0D%0AChange+in+Thailand&rft.creator=Wannasai%2C+N&rft.creator=Walaiporn%2C+S&rft.creator=Pornparn%2C+S&rft.creator=Chutima%2C+K&rft.creator=Praphan%2C+P&rft.creator=Benjamas%2C+K&rft.creator=Ratchada%2C+P&rft.creator=Dararat%2C+M&rft.creator=Margaret+C%2C+Y&rft.creator=Kritsana%2C+T&rft.creator=Chanaporn%2C+K&rft.creator=Bantilan%2C+M+C+S&rft.creator=Singh%2C+N+P&rft.subject=Climate+Change&rft.description=This+report+was+prepared+as+part+of+the+ADB+funded+project+%E2%80%9CVulnerability+to+Climate+Change%3A+Adaptation%0D%0AStrategies+and+Layers+of+Resilience%E2%80%9D.+The+study+tried+to+address+the+perception+of+farmers+on+changes+in%0D%0Aclimate+variables%2C+trends+in+village+level+institutions+and+other+socio-economic+variables+such+as+cropping%0D%0Apattern%2C+natural+resources%2C+constraints+in+effective+adaptation.+Purposive+stratified+sampling+techniques%0D%0Awere+adopted+in+selecting+the+study+area+and+the+households.+Four+villages+from+northeast+region+of%0D%0AThailand+(two+villages+from+Chok+Chai+district+and+2+villages+from+Chatturat+district)+were+selected+for+this%0D%0Astudy.+Both+quantitative+and+qualitative+data+were+collected+through+farmer+surveys%2C+group+discussions+and%0D%0Akey+informant+interviews.+The+villagers+perceived+a+reduction+in+rainfall+and+increase+in+variability+including%0D%0Aonset+of+major+rainy+season.+The+villages+have+been+experiencing+increased+incidence+of+drought+resulting+in%0D%0Ayield+loss%2C+non-+availability+of+water+for+irrigation%2C+increased+pest+and+diseases+attack%2C+and+migration.+Farmers%0D%0Aperceived+a+minor+increase+in+agriculture+over+the+years%3B+however%2C+there+is+still+a+trend+of+diversification+of%0D%0Alivelihood+among+farmers+from+traditional+agriculture+to+high-value+crops+and+other+non-agricultural+sectors.%0D%0AOver+the+years%2C+there+have+been+slow+but+steady+improvements+in+the+human+development+indicators%2C%0D%0Avillage+infrastructure+and+collective+initiatives+in+all+the+study+villages.+Increased+diversification+in+cropping%0D%0Apattern%2C+improvement+in+market+access%2C+etc%2C+are+seen+in+these+villages.+The+rural+community+in+the+study%0D%0Avillages+tries+to+cope+with+these+changes+by+reducing+expenses+on+food%2C+working+as+agricultural+or+non-farm%0D%0Alabor%2C+leasing+crop+land%2C+making+changes+in+cropping+pattern+and+in+crop+management+strategies.+The+higher%0D%0Adegree+of+impact+of+these+climate-related+risks+is+comparatively+on+landless+and+smallholder+farmers+than%0D%0Aon+medium+and+large+farmers.+They+have+identified+a+list+of+constraints+that+prevents+them+from+succeeding%0D%0Ain+efficient+adaptation+such+as+lack+of+sufficient+information+on+climate+change+and+potential+adaptation%0D%0Atechnologies%2C+sufficient+support+programs%2C+market+and+other+livelihood+options.&rft.publisher=International+Crops+Research+Institute+for+the+Semi-Arid+Tropics&rft.date=2013&rft.type=Monograph&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.language=en&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Foar.icrisat.org%2F8117%2F1%2FJ306_2012%2520Res%2520Rep%252013.pdf&rft.identifier=++Wannasai%2C+N+and+Walaiporn%2C+S+and+Pornparn%2C+S+and+Chutima%2C+K+and+Praphan%2C+P+and+Benjamas%2C+K+and+Ratchada%2C+P+and+Dararat%2C+M+and+Margaret+C%2C+Y+and+Kritsana%2C+T+and+Chanaporn%2C+K+and+Bantilan%2C+M+C+S+and+Singh%2C+N+P++(2013)+Vulnerability+to+Climate+Change%3A+Adaptation+Strategies+and+Layers+of+Resilience+%E2%80%93+Quantifying+Vulnerability+to+Climate+Change+in+Thailand.++Monograph.+International+Crops+Research+Institute+for+the+Semi-Arid+Tropics%2C+Patancheru%2C+Hyderabad%2C+Andhra+Pradesh.+++++&rft.relation=306-2012