OAR@ICRISATAssessing Occurrence and Distribution of Aflatoxins in MalawiFWaliyarauthorMOsiruauthorMSiambiauthorBChinyamunyamuauthorMalawi is a land-locked country in southern Africa with a total land area of 118,485 square kilometers (11.78 million hectares, of which 34% is arable). Agriculture contributes over 35% of the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) estimated at about $200 per capita. The majority of Malawi’s 13 million persons are smallholder farmers and Malawi is still classified as one of the poorest countries in SSA (Action Aid International, 2006). Infant mortality in 2002 was 113 per 1,000 persons (globalis.gvu.unu.edu/indicator_detail.cfm?IndicatorID=25) compared with an average of 92 for SSA. The country relies heavily on rain-fed agriculture increasing threats in the event of variations in rainfall as well as commodity price shocks. Between 1970 and 2006, Malawi experienced 40 weather-related disasters, many leading to famines affecting the most parts of the country (Action Aid International, 2006). Average life expectancy, standing at 37 years at birth, is declining due to the impact of HIV/AIDS, which in 1999 affected 16 percent of the adult population and 31 percent of women in ante-natal care (Clay et al., 2003). Close to one million adults and children in Malawi are living with HIV/AIDS, with women representing 56.8% of HIV positive adults (15 – 49yrs), one of the highest HIV prevalence rates in the World (UNAIDS, 2004).Fertilizer Applications2013Malawi National Digital RepoitoryMonograph

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