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        <dc:title>Tradeoff between Non-farm Income and on-farm conservation investments in the Semi-Arid Tropics of India</dc:title>
        <dc:creator>Nedumaran, S</dc:creator>
        <dc:subject>Agriculture-Farming, Production, Technology, Economics</dc:subject>
        <dc:description>This paper assesses the tradeoff between non-farm income and on-farm soil and water&#13;
conservation investment by smallholder farmers in the semi-arid tropics of India using a&#13;
dynamic bioeconomic model. This modeling approach allows understanding the complex&#13;
interaction and feedback between household economic decision making and sustainability&#13;
of natural resource base. A dynamic crop-livestock integrated bio-economic has been&#13;
developed and calibrated for a Semi-Arid Tropics (SAT) watershed village in India where&#13;
integrated watershed development program was implemented. The village level model is&#13;
used to assess the impact of improved access to off-farm employment created by watershed&#13;
development program on household welfare, land degradation and Soil and Water&#13;
Conservation (SWC) labour used on-farm to reduce run-off and soil erosion. The&#13;
simulation results revealed that improved non-farm employment opportunities in the&#13;
village increases household welfare but reduces the households’ incentive to use labour for&#13;
conservation leading to higher levels of soil erosion and rapid land degradation in the&#13;
watershed. This indicates that returns to labour are higher in non-farm than on-farm&#13;
employment opportunities in the village. This appears to be no win-win benefits from&#13;
improving the access to non-farm income in SAT rainfed farming villages. Complementary&#13;
policies are required to protect the natural resource base.</dc:description>
        <dc:date>2013</dc:date>
        <dc:type>Conference or Workshop Item</dc:type>
        <dc:type>PeerReviewed</dc:type>
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        <dc:language>en</dc:language>
        <dc:identifier>http://oar.icrisat.org/7345/1/CP_Nedumaran_AARES_2013.pdf</dc:identifier>
        <dc:identifier>  Nedumaran, S  (2013) Tradeoff between Non-farm Income and on-farm conservation investments in the Semi-Arid Tropics of India.  In: 57th AARES Annual Conference, 5th-8th February 2013, Sydney, New South Wales.     </dc:identifier></oai_dc:dc>
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