TY - JOUR AV - restricted A1 - Subbarao, G V A1 - Sahrawat, K L A1 - Nakahara, K A1 - Rao, I M A1 - Ishitani, M A1 - Hash, C T A1 - Kishii, M A1 - Bonnett, D G A1 - Berry, W L A1 - Lata, J C TI - A paradigm shift towards low-nitrifying production systems: the role of biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcs230 JF - Annals of Botany SN - 0305-7364 PB - Oxford University Press N2 - Agriculture is the single largest geo-engineering initiative that humans have initiated on planet Earth, largely through the introduction of unprecedented amounts of reactive nitrogen (N) into ecosystems. A major portion of this reactive N applied as fertilizer leaks into the environment in massive amounts, with cascading negative effects on ecosystem health and function. Natural ecosystems utilize many of the multiple pathways in the N cycle to regulate N flow. In contrast, the massive amounts of N currently applied to agricultural systems cycle primarily through the nitrification pathway, a single inefficient route that channels much of this reactive N into the environment. This is largely due to the rapid nitrifying soil environment of present-day agricultural systems... KW - AMO KW - ammonia mono-oxygenase KW - biological nitrification inhibition KW - BNI KW - BNI capacity KW - brachialactone KW - fatty acids KW - HAO KW - hydroxylamine oxidoreductase KW - high-nitrifying production systems KW - low-nitrifying production systems KW - nitrification KW - Nitrosomonas KW - nitrate leaching KW - synthetic nitrification inhibitors KW - nitrous oxide emissions KW - sustainability Y1 - 2013/// SP - 297 ID - icrisat6666 EP - 316 VL - 112 IS - 2 ER -