OAR@ICRISATBreeding Strategies for Utilization of Wild Species of Arachis in Groundnut ImprovementJ PMossauthorUtilization of wild species entails brining genomes together and producing progenies which can be subjected to selection. The degree of similarity between species and between genomes dictates the techniques to be used. Studies on cytology, genetics, morphology, and evolution lead to a knowledge of species relationships, ploidy levels, and the taxonomic limits to hybridization. Closely related species at the same ploidy level present few problems. But genes controlling chromosome parrrng, and varralron rn number and posrl/on 01 chrasmala. may reduce or enhance the prodiiclron of desrrable segreganls Drllerences rn plordy level between wrld and cullrvaled specres presenl problenrs rn rnle~specrlrc breedrng, but plordy manrpulal~onh as been successlully used. not only lo achreve lerlrlrly 111 slerrle hybrrds, but also to adluslplordy levels prror lo hybrrdrzalron Ir~duclron01 haplordy also has a rolo lo play Aneuplordy. and subsfrlulron and addrlron Irnes can be uselul tools 1n the rdenlrlrralror~ and manrpulalron erlher 01 chromosomes carryrng Ihe genes that are lo be lranslerr~ or 01 genes conlrollrng parrrng or crossabrlrly that can be used lo lactlrlale gene lransler Usrng these lechnrques, a wrde range 01 rnlerspec~lrc Arach~s hybrrds have bee11 prodi~ced a1 ICRISA T and derrvalrves wrth drsease resrslance andgoodyreld have been rnlrodrrced rnlo Itte lrrals 01 the All Indra Coordrnated Prolecl lor OrlswdsGroundnut1985Conference or Workshop Item

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