?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Foar.icrisat.org%2F3820%2F&rft.title=Spillover+impacts+of+agricultural+research%3A+a+review%0D%0Aof+studies.+Working+Paper+Series+no.+8&rft.creator=Deb%2C+U+K&rft.creator=Bantilan%2C+M+C+S&rft.subject=Agriculture-Farming%2C+Production%2C+Technology%2C+Economics&rft.description=The+spillover+impacts+of+agricultural+research+are+very+important+for+research+policy+formulation.+This+paper+reviews+the%0D%0Aexisting+literature+on+the+policy+effects+of+research+and+summarizes+the+methodologies+used+for+quantifying+the+spillover%0D%0Aimpacts.+Three+types+of+spillover+effects+have+been+identified+on+the+basis+of+the+existing+literature%3A+across-location+spillover%2C%0D%0Aacross-commodity+spillover%2C+and+price+spillover+effects.+The+former+two+are+direct+effects%2C+and+the+latter+indirect.+Acrosslocation%0D%0Aor+across-environment+spillover+effects+relate+to+a+situation+in+which+a+technology+developed+for+one+crop+at+a%0D%0Aspecific+location+can+be+adopted+to+improve+the+production+efficiency+of+the+same+crop+at+other+locations.+Across-commodity%0D%0Aspillover+effects+occur+when+the+technology+developed+has+applicability+for+other+commodities.+Price+spillover+effects+occur%0D%0Awhen+the+technological+change+for+a+particular+commodity+at+a+specific+location+increases+supply+and+changes+the+price+of+the%0D%0Acommodity+at+other+locations+through+trade.+Two+types+of+measurement+techniques%2C+subjective+and+objective%2C+have+been+used%0D%0Ato+assess+spillover+effects+in+agriculture.+Subjective+estimates+are+based+on+value+judgments+rather+than+experimental+or+onfarm%0D%0Ayield+and+cost+data%2C+and+are+often+arrived+at+through+elicitation+from+experts.+Objective+estimates+on+the+other+hand+are%0D%0Abased+on+hard+data+and+evidence+reflecting+the+extent+of+applicability+of+a+new+technology+across+environments+or%0D%0Acommodities+beyond+the+designed+research+target.+Both+subjective+and+objective+estimates+are+used+in+the+empirical%0D%0Aquantification+of+across-location+spillover+impacts.+However%2C+only+a+theoretical+model+(no+empirical+quantification)+is%0D%0Aavailable+for+the+estimation+of+across-commodity+spillover.+Price+spillover+effects+are+estimated+in+conjunction+with+the%0D%0Aacross-environment+technology+spillover.+Studies+have+quantified+across-location+spillover+impacts+using+economic+surplus%0D%0Amodels%2C+subjectively+and+objectively.+Quantification+of+spillover+benefits+from+germplasm+research+conducted+at+ICRISAT%0D%0Awould+be+very+useful+in+research+evaluation+and+policy+planning.&rft.publisher=International+Crops+Research+Institute+for+the+Semi-Arid+Tropics&rft.date=2001&rft.type=Monograph&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.language=en&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Foar.icrisat.org%2F3820%2F1%2FWPS8.pdf&rft.identifier=++Deb%2C+U+K+and+Bantilan%2C+M+C+S++(2001)+Spillover+impacts+of+agricultural+research%3A+a+review+of+studies.+Working+Paper+Series+no.+8.++Working+Paper.+International+Crops+Research+Institute+for+the+Semi-Arid+Tropics%2C+Patancheru%2C+Andhra+Pradesh%2C+India.+++++