"3449","15","archive","6",,,"disk0/00/00/34/49","2011-10-31 07:30:08","2011-10-31 08:34:42","2011-10-31 07:30:08","book_section",,,"show","Library-ICRISAT@CGIAR.ORG",,,"","","","","","","","","","","0",,,"Rahman","M M","","","","","","","Gowda","C L L","","","","",,,,,"","",,,,,"","","Regional Agricultural Research Station(Pabna)","Bangladesh","Legumes in Bangladesh","pub","s2.10","","","public",,,,,,"Food legume crops occupy about 5% of cropped area of Bangladesh but
play a significant role in rainfed agriculture. About a dozen legume crops
are grown in Bangladesh of which khesari (lathyrus), lentil, chickpea,
black gram, mung bean are the major pulses, and groundnut is an oilseed
crop. Their cultivation is mainly concentrated in the Gangetic floodplain
area. The productivity of these crops is much lower compared to the
cereals, and compared to the potential productivity of these legumes, due
to various biotic, abiotic, and socioeconomic constraints. Among the
biotic stresses, diseases, pests, seed dormancy, and weeds cause
significant yield losses. The major diseases are botrytis gray mold,
fusarium wilt, and collar rot in chickpea; foot rot, stemphylium blight,
and rust in lentil; powdery mildew and downy mildew in khesari
(lathyrus); yellow mosaic, cercospora leaf spot, and powdery mildew in
black gram and mung bean: and leaf spot, rust, foot rot, and root rot in
groundnut. Among the insect pests, Helicoverpa armigera is a major pest
of chickpea and black gram; Diacrisia obliqua is a major pest of black
gram, mung bean, and groundnut; aphids are common in lentil, khesari
(lathyrus), and mung bean; Euchrysops cnejus, Monolepta signata, and
Bemisia tabaci are the major pests of mung bean and black gram. Among
the storage pests Callosobruchus chinensis infests all pulses except black
gram, which is attacked only by C. maculatus. Lack of seed dormancy is
a major constraint in groundnut and mung bean cultivation. Weeds are a very common problem in all legume crops and in all growing zones.
Among the abiotic constraints, drought causes severe yield reduction in
some years. Sometimes excess rain and high humidity encourage
vegetative growth, in turn leading to high disease and pest incidence and
resultant yield loss. Terminal heat stress and rainfall also cause
substantial yield loss. In some areas, micronutrient deficiency and soil
acidity limit legume cultivation. Among the socioeconomic constraints,
low profit, instability of yield, and lack of support price influence the
farmers to follow the traditional practices for legume cultivation which
inevitably result in poor yields. The area and production of these legume
crops are generally declining. The government has consequently launched
a Pilot Production Program on lentil, black gram, and mung bean to halt
the declining trend. Details of the constraints and the opportunities to fit
the legumes in new and diversified cropping systems in Bangladesh are
discussed in this chapter.","2000","published",,,,,"International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics","Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India","5-34",,,,,,,,,,,"TRUE","92-9066-418-5",,"Legumes in rice and wheat cropping systems of the Indo-Gangetic Plain - constraints and opportunities","Johansen","C","","","",,"http://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?as_q=Legumes+in+Bangladesh&num=10&btnG=Search+Scholar&as_epq=&as_oq=&as_eq=&as_occt=title&as_sauthors=&as_publication=&as_ylo=&as_yhi=&as_sdt=1.&as_sdtp=on&as_sdtf=&as_sdts=5&hl=en","author",,"","",,,,,,"",,,,,,,"",,,,,"",,,,,"","",,,,,"","",,,,,
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