?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Foar.icrisat.org%2F2351%2F&rft.title=Impact+of+Watershed+Program+and+Conditions+for+Success%3A%0D%0AA+Meta-Analysis+Approach.Global+Theme+on+Agroecosystems+Report+no.+46%0D%0A&rft.creator=Joshi%2C+P+K&rft.creator=Jha%2C+A+K&rft.creator=Wani%2C+S+P&rft.creator=Sreedevi%2C+T+K&rft.creator=Shaheen%2C+F+A&rft.subject=Watershed+Management&rft.description=Development+of+rain-fed+areas+in+India+is+one+of+the+prime+concerns+of+the+Government+as+60+per+cent+of+agriculture+is+rain-fed.+Rain-fed+areas+are+the+hot-spots+of+poverty%2C+water+scarcity%2C+malnutrition+and+are+prone+to+severe+land+degradation.+Watershed+development+program+is+considered+and+adopted+as+an+effective+tool+to+address+problems+of+rain-fed+areas+in+the+country.+Under+the+Comprehensive+Assessment+of+watersheds+in+India%2C+macro-level+evaluation+of+636+micro+watersheds+was+done+through+meta-analysis.+The+results+of+meta-analysis+revealed+that+watershed+program+is+providing+multiple+benefits+in+terms+of+augmenting+income%2C+generating+rural+employment+(151+person+days+ha-1)%2C+increasing+crop+yields%2C+increasing+cropping+intensity+(35.5%25)%2C+reducing+run-off+(45%25)+and+soil+loss+(1.1+t+ha-1+y-1)%2C+augmenting+groundwater%2C+building+social+capital+and+reducing+poverty.+In+terms+of+economic+efficiency%2C+watersheds+generated+an+average+benefit-cost+ratio+(B%3AC)+of+2+and+0.6+per+cent+of+watersheds+failed+to+commensurate+with+the+investment+(%3C1+B%3AC+ratio).+The+mean+internal+rate+of+return+(IRR)+from+the+watersheds+investment+was+27.4+per+cent.+Thirty+two+per+cent+of+watersheds+showed+a+mean+BCR+of+%3E2+and+27+per+cent+of+watersheds+yielded+an+IRR+%3E30+per+cent+which+showed+immense+potential+to+upgrade+watershed+program+in+the+country.+Community+watershed+can+become+a+growth+engine+for+sustainable+development+of+drylands%2C+however%2C+there+is+an+urgent+need+to+upgrade+watersheds+by+adopting+holistic%2C+participatory+and+business+mode+approach.+Drivers+of+success+of+watersheds+are+documented+and+discussed+in+detail.&rft.publisher=International+Crops+Research+Institute+for+the+Semi-Arid+Tropics+&rft.date=2008&rft.type=Monograph&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.language=en&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Foar.icrisat.org%2F2351%2F1%2F390_2008_GTAE46_Imp_ws_prg_Meta_Analysis.pdf&rft.identifier=++Joshi%2C+P+K+and+Jha%2C+A+K+and+Wani%2C+S+P+and+Sreedevi%2C+T+K+and+Shaheen%2C+F+A++(2008)+Impact+of+Watershed+Program+and+Conditions+for+Success%3A+A+Meta-Analysis+Approach.Global+Theme+on+Agroecosystems+Report+no.+46.++Monograph.+International+Crops+Research+Institute+for+the+Semi-Arid+Tropics+%2C+Patancheru%2C+Andhra+Pradesh%2C+India.+++++