"19","16","archive","1",,,"disk0/00/00/00/19","2011-05-18 05:20:25","2014-03-18 08:05:11","2011-05-18 05:20:25","article",,,"show","Library-ICRISAT@cgiar.org",,,"","","","","","","","","","","0",,,"Surekha Devi","V","","","","","","","Sharma","H C","","","","",,,,,"","",,,,,"","","ICRISAT(Patancheru)","India","Interaction between host plant resistance and biological activity of Bacillus
thuringiensis in managing the pod borer Helicoverpa armigera in chickpea","pub","s1.1","","","restricted",,,"Chickpea; Helicoverpa armigera; Bacillus thuringiensis; Host plant resistance; Acid exudates; Transgenics; Pest management

","<b>Agrotags</b>     - chickpeas | genotypes | rations | animal developmental stages | acidity | proteins | planting | organic acids | biological phenomena | concentrates <br><b>Fishtags</b>    - drying <br><b>Geopoliticaltags</b> - india | andhra pradesh | act | delhi | usa | united kingdom | berlin","The authors are thankful to the staff of entomology, ICRISAT for their help in these studies.","The legume pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) has developed
high levels of resistance to conventional insecticides, and therefore, efforts are being made to develop
transgenic chickpea expressing toxin genes from the bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) for controlling
this pest. However, there is an apprehension that acid exudates in chickpea might interfere with biological
activity of Bt. Therefore, we studied the biological activity of Bt (BiolepR) on four chickpea genotypes
with different levels of resistance to H. armigera under field conditions, and by incorporating lyophilized
lead and pod tissue into the artificial diet with and without Bt. The pH of the acid exudates varied from
2.1 to 2.90, and malic and oxalic acid were the major components of the acid exudates in different
chickpea genotypes. There was no survival of H. armigera larvae in chickpea plants spayed with 0.1, 0.2
and 0.5% of Bt. There was a significant reduction in larval survival, larval and pupal weights and
fecundity, and prolongation of larval and pupal periods in chickpea plots sprayed with Bt (0.05%) as
compared to the unsprayed plants. Biological activity of Bt was lower on artificial diets with leaf or pod
powder of chickpea genotypes, which might be because of a low intake of Bt toxins due to antifeedant
effects of acid exudates in the chickpea or reduction in biological activity of Bt due to the interaction of
biochemical constituents in chickpea with the Bt toxins. Larval survival, larval and pupal weights,
pupation and adult emergence were significantly lower on diets with leaf or pod powder of the H.
armigera-resistant genotypes than on the susceptible check. Chickpea genotypes with resistance to H.
armigera acted in concert with Bt to cause adverse effects on the survival and development of this insect.
The results suggested that development of transgenic chickpeas expressing toxin genes form Bt will be
quite effective for controlling of the pod borer, H. armigera.","2011","published",,"Crop Protection","30","8","Elsevier",,"962-969",,,,,,,,,,,"TRUE",,"0261-2194",,,,,,"","http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2011.03.018","http://scholar.google.co.in/scholar?hl=en&q=%22Interaction+between+host+plant+resistance+and+biological+activity+of+Bacillus+thuringiensis+in+managing+the+pod+borer+Helicoverpa+armigera+in+chickpea%22&btnG=Search&as_sdt=0%2C5&as_ylo=&as_vis=0","author",,"","",,,,,,"",,,,,,,"",,,,,"",,,,,"","",,,,,"","",,,,,
"19",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Sharma","H C","","",,,,,"Surekha Devi","P","","",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"ANGRAU(Hyderabad)",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"19",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Arjuna Rao","P","","",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,