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        <dc:title>Transforming failing smallholder irrigation schemes in Africa: a theory of change</dc:title>
        <dc:creator>Pittock, J</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Bjornlund, H</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>van Rooyen, A</dc:creator>
        <dc:subject>Smallholder Agriculture</dc:subject>
        <dc:subject>Soil Science</dc:subject>
        <dc:subject>Water Resources</dc:subject>
        <dc:subject>Africa</dc:subject>
        <dc:subject>Sub-Saharan Africa</dc:subject>
        <dc:description>Drawing on the results of the Transforming Irrigation in Southern&#13;
Africa project, we assess positive transitions in smallholder irrigation&#13;
schemes. The project’s theory of change is evaluated. Soil&#13;
monitoring tools and agricultural innovation platforms were introduced&#13;
in five irrigation schemes in Mozambique, Tanzania and&#13;
Zimbabwe. The synergies between these interventions increased&#13;
both crop yields and profitability. This empowered farmers,&#13;
improved equity, and accelerated social learning and innovation.&#13;
The resulting, iterative cycles of change improved governance,&#13;
sustainability and socio-economic outcomes. The challenges of&#13;
scaling these interventions up and out are outlined.</dc:description>
        <dc:publisher>Routledge</dc:publisher>
        <dc:date>2020-10</dc:date>
        <dc:type>Article</dc:type>
        <dc:type>PeerReviewed</dc:type>
        <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
        <dc:language>en</dc:language>
        <dc:identifier>http://oar.icrisat.org/11742/1/07900627.2020.pdf</dc:identifier>
        <dc:identifier>  Pittock, J and Bjornlund, H and van Rooyen, A  (2020) Transforming failing smallholder irrigation schemes in Africa: a theory of change.  International Journal of Water Resources Development (TSI), 36 (S1).  S1-S19.  ISSN 0790-0627     </dc:identifier>
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