http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/11685 2020-12-31T04:55:15Z info:eu-repo/semantics/descriptiveMetadata http://oar.icrisat.org/11685/ The celery genome sequence reveals sequential paleo‐polyploidizations, karyotype evolution and resistance gene reduction in apiales Song, X Sun, P Yuan, J Gong, K Li, N Meng, F Zhang, Z Li, X Hu, J Wang, J Yang, Q Jiao, B Nie, F Liu, T Chen, W Feng, S Pei, Q Yu, T Kang, X Zhao, W Cui, C Yu, Y Wu, T Shan, L Liu, M Qin, Z Lin, H Varshney, R K Li, X Q Paterson, A H Wang, X Vegetable and Field crops Genetics and Genomics Celery (Apium graveolens L. 2n = 2x = 22), a member of the Apiaceae family, is among the most important and globally grown vegetables. Here, we report a high-quality genome sequence assembly, anchored to 11 chromosomes, with total length of 3.33 Gb and N50 scaffold length of 289.78 Mb. Most (92.91%) of the genome is composed of repetitive sequences, with 62.12% of 31 326 annotated genes confined to the terminal 20% of chromosomes. Simultaneous bursts of shared long-terminal repeats (LTRs) in different Apiaceae plants suggest inter-specific exchanges. Two ancestral polyploidizations were inferred, one shared by Apiales taxa and the other confined to Apiaceae. We reconstructed 8 Apiales proto-chromosomes, inferring their evolutionary trajectories from the eudicot common ancestor to extant plants. Transcriptome sequencing in three tissues (roots, leaves and petioles), and varieties with different-coloured petioles, revealed 4 and 2 key genes in pathways regulating anthocyanin and coumarin biosynthesis, respectively. A remarkable paucity of NBS disease-resistant genes in celery (62) and other Apiales was explained by extensive loss and limited production of these genes during the last ~10 million years, raising questions about their biotic defence mechanisms and motivating research into effects of chemicals, for example coumarins, that give off distinctive odours. Celery genome sequencing and annotation facilitates further research into important gene functions and breeding, and comparative genomic analyses in Apiales. Association of Applied Biologist 2020-11 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://oar.icrisat.org/11685/1/pbi.13499.pdf Song, X and Sun, P and Yuan, J and Gong, K and Li, N and Meng, F and Zhang, Z and Li, X and Hu, J and Wang, J and Yang, Q and Jiao, B and Nie, F and Liu, T and Chen, W and Feng, S and Pei, Q and Yu, T and Kang, X and Zhao, W and Cui, C and Yu, Y and Wu, T and Shan, L and Liu, M and Qin, Z and Lin, H and Varshney, R K and Li, X Q and Paterson, A H and Wang, X (2020) The celery genome sequence reveals sequential paleo‐polyploidizations, karyotype evolution and resistance gene reduction in apiales. Plant Biotechnology Journal (TSI). pp. 1-14. ISSN 1467-7644 https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.13499 doi:10.1111/pbi.13499 info:eu-repo/semantics/objectFile info:eu-repo/semantics/humanStartPage