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        <dc:title>A Brief Overview of Smallholder Farmers’ Access to Seed of Improved Legume Varieties</dc:title>
        <dc:creator>Akpo, E</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Ojiewo, C O</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Omoigui, L O</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Rubyogo, J C</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Varshney, R K</dc:creator>
        <dc:subject>Smallholder Farmers</dc:subject>
        <dc:subject>Genetics and Genomics</dc:subject>
        <dc:subject>Legume Crops</dc:subject>
        <dc:subject>Sub-Saharan Africa</dc:subject>
        <dc:description>For decades, the vast majority of smallholder farmers in developing countries,&#13;
mainly sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and to some extent South Asia (SA), heavily rely&#13;
on non-improved and auto-saved variety seed, accounting for about 80% of their&#13;
material used for planting. Though the seed use figures by farmers vary from one&#13;
region to another, with West Africa showing the lowest rate of improved seed use&#13;
(below 20%) and South Asia with much higher rate (up to 70%), the overall situation&#13;
looks less encouraging. At the same time, substantial breakthroughs have been&#13;
made by breeding programs, and many more are still in the pipeline. Some of the&#13;
traits of recently developed varieties have targeted the consumers’ demands and&#13;
farmers’ preferences.</dc:description>
        <dc:publisher>Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd</dc:publisher>
        <dc:date>2020</dc:date>
        <dc:type>Book Section</dc:type>
        <dc:type>PeerReviewed</dc:type>
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        <dc:language>en</dc:language>
        <dc:identifier>http://oar.icrisat.org/11603/1/10.1007_978-981-15-0845-5_1.pdf</dc:identifier>
        <dc:identifier>  Akpo, E and Ojiewo, C O and Omoigui, L O and Rubyogo, J C and Varshney, R K  (2020) A Brief Overview of Smallholder Farmers’ Access to Seed of Improved Legume Varieties.   In:  Sowing Legume Seeds, Reaping Cash.   Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd, Singapore, pp. 1-2.  ISBN 978-981-15-0844-8     </dc:identifier>
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