@article{icrisat11437,
           month = {October},
           title = {Maize, sorghum, and pearl millet have highly contrasting species strategies to adapt to water stress and climate change-like conditions},
       publisher = {Elsevier},
          author = {S Choudhary and A Guha and J Kholova and A Pandravada and C D Messina and M Cooper and V Vadez},
           pages = {110297},
            year = {2019},
            note = {Authors are grateful to Corteva AgriScience for making a set of maize hybrid available for this research. Funding comes from the CGIAR Research Program on Dryland Cereals (CRP-DC) and in part from a research grant between Pioneer and ICRISAT. Senior author is also grateful to Dr Krithika Anbazhagan for assistance with the statistical analysis.},
         journal = {Plant Science (TSI)},
        keywords = {C4 cereals Transpiration rate (TR), Atmospheric vapor pressure de?cit (VPD), Transpiration e?ciency (TE), Progressive soil drying (DD), Leaf expansion rate (LER), Fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW)},
             url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/11437/},
        abstract = {This study compared maize, sorghum and pearl-millet, leading C4 cereals, for the transpiration rate (TR) response to increasing atmospheric and soil water stress. The TR response to transiently increasing VPD (0.9?4.1kPa) and the transpiration and leaf areaexpansion response to progressive soildrying were measuredin controlled conditions at early vegetative stage in 10?16 genotypes of each species grown in moderate or high vapor pressure de?cit (VPD) conditions. Maize grown under moderate VPD conditions restricted TR under high VPD, but not sorghum and pearl millet. By contrast, when grown under high VPD, all species increased TR upon increasing VPD, suggesting a loss of TR responsiveness. Sorghum and pearl-millet grown under high VPD reduced leaf area, but not maize. Upon progressive soil drying, maize reduced transpiration at higher soil moisture than sorghum and pearl millet, especially under high VPD, and leaf area expansion declined at similar or lower soil moisture than transpiration in maize and sorghum. It is concluded that maize conserves water by restricting transpiration upon increasing VPD and under higher soil moisture than sorghum and millet, giving maize signi?cantly higher TE, whereas sorghum and pearl millet rely mostly on reduced leaf area and somewhat on transpiration restriction.}
}