?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Foar.icrisat.org%2F11415%2F&rft.title=Improving+crop-livestock+productivity+and+household+income+through+the+use+of+contour+bunding+and+agroforestry+options&rft.creator=Traore%2C+K&rft.creator=Zemadim%2C+B&rft.subject=Livestock&rft.subject=Cropping+and+Farming+Systems&rft.subject=Water+Conservation&rft.description=A+field+study+was+carried+out+at+Kani%2C+Noupinesso%2C+and+Mpessoba+in+the+Soudano-Sahelian+zone+of+Mali+to+assess+the+impact+of+tillage%2C+soil+fertilization%2C+and+leguminous+crops+on+runoff%2C+soil+erosion%2C+soil+moisture%2C+and+the+growth+and+yield+of+cotton%2C+sorghum%2C+and+fast-growing+tree+species.+Experiments+of+2+types+were+conducted.+The+treatments+for+the+first+trial+consisted+of+2+tillage+practices+(contour+bunding+(CB)+and+no+contour+bunding+(NCB)+which+was+the+farmers%E2%80%99+practice)+and+4+types+of+soil+fertilization+on+cotton+(control%2C+organic+manure%2C+micro-dose%2C+and+recommended+dose).+The+same+trial+was+conducted+on+6+different+farms.+The+second+trial+consisted+of+2+tillage+practices+(CB+and+NCB)+and+3+cultural+systems%3B+(sorghum+sole+crop%2C+soybean+sole+crop%2C+and+intercropped+sorghum*soybean)%3B+the+same+trial+was+conducted+on+9+different+farms+and+in+the+Technology+Park+of+Mpessoba.+The+experiment+was+laid+out+in+a+Split+Plot+with+4+replications.+CB+out-yielded+NCB+in+all+the+measured+parameters.%0D%0AThe+percentage+of+runoff+coefficient+in+NCB+plots+was+34.89+-+38.79%25+and+was+decreased+by+CB+to+17.46+-+21.48%25.+CB+increased+the+water+table+dynamic+at+Noupinesso%3B+the+distance+of+groundwater+to+soil+surface+decreased+to+attain+a+minimum+value+of+2.61+m+for+the+measuring+tubes+in+the+CB+plot%2C+4.58+m+in+the+NCB+plot%2C+and+1.02+m+next+to+the+outlet+of+the+watershed.+CB+increased+soil+moisture+in+the+horizon+0+-+100+cm+at+the+3+sites.+The+differences+were+high+at+the+horizon+60-100+cm+and+at+the+end+of+the+rainy+season.+The+soil+horizon+(0+-+100+cm)+under+trees+was+slightly+more+humid+than+outside+the+trees+in+NCB%2C+and+the+difference+was+higher+in+the+CB+plot.%0D%0AOrganic+manure+increased+cotton+yield+by+25.3%25+in+Remon+Sanou%E2%80%99s+field%2C+biomass+yield+by+29.66%25+in+the+field+of+Salif+Berthe%2C+cotton+height+and+diameter+by+72.36%25+and+34.54%25+in+the+trial+of+Barnabe+Traore.+The+application+of+manure+produced+significantly+(p+%3C+0.05)+less+cotton+growth+and+production+than+the+applications+of+micro-dose+(T3)+and+scale+doses+(T4).+The+T4+increased+cotton+yield+by+144.79%25+and+T3+by+130.21%25+in+Bourama+Dembele%E2%80%99s+field%2C+and+biomass+yield+by+99.03%25+and+93.70%25+respectively+in+Sekou+Berthe%E2%80%99s+field.+The+use+of+CB+technology+significantly+affected+the+growth+and+yields+of+cotton+for+all+the+6+trials.+in+the+field+of+Barnabe+Traore+cotton+yield+was+higher+by+42.5%25+in+the+CB+plot+compared+to+the+NCB.+Cotton+height+with+CB+increased+by+29.30%25+in+the+trial+of+Bourama+Dembele.+Micro-dose+treatment+gave+the+best+profitability+as+indicated+by+the+VCR+in+the+range+of+4+to+8+for+the+6+trials.%0D%0AIntercropping+soybean+and+sorghum+increased+sorghum+growth+and+yields+for+all+the+9+trials.+In+some+of+the+trials%2C+yields+of+sorghum+associated+with+soybean+got+more+than+twice+the+yields+of+sorghum+cultivated+alone.+The+trial+of+Youssouf+Berthe+give+1138+kg+ha-1+grain+yield+with+sole+sorghum+cultivation+and+2325+kg+ha-1+for+the+intercrop.+The+use+of+tillage+methods+affected+sorghum+and+soybean+growth+and+yields+for+all+the+9+trials%3A+the+use+of+the+CB+method+increased+grain+and+biomass+yield+of+sorghum+and+soybean+by+50%25+and+their+height+and+diameter+by+30%25.%0D%0AThe+CB+technology+increased+the+growth+of+Gliricidia+sepium+and+Leucaena+leucocephala+at+the+three+research+sites.+Height+(%2B35%25)%2C+diameter+(%2B25%25)%2C+and+crown+radius+(%2B40%25)+were+increased+in+Gliricidia+and+in+Leucaena+by+%2B58%25%2C+%2B69%25%2C+and+%2B50%25+respectively.%0D%0AKey+words%3A+contour+bunding%2C+runoff+and+erosion%2C+soil+moisture%2C+water+table%2C+micro-dose%2C+intercropping%2C+fodder+plants.&rft.publisher=International+Institute+of+Tropical+Agriculture&rft.date=2019-03&rft.type=Monograph&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.language=en&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Foar.icrisat.org%2F11415%2F1%2Fcb-agrof.pdf&rft.identifier=++Traore%2C+K+and+Zemadim%2C+B++(2019)+Improving+crop-livestock+productivity+and+household+income+through+the+use+of+contour+bunding+and+agroforestry+options.++Technical+Report.+International+Institute+of+Tropical+Agriculture.+++++&rft.relation=https%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F10568%2F101116