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        <dc:title>Climate Risk Management in Smallholder Farming Systems in the Semiarid Tropics</dc:title>
        <dc:creator>Whitbread, A M</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Carberry, P S</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Rao, K P C</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Kumar, S</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Kadiyala, M D M</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Nedumaran, S</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Nidumolu, U</dc:creator>
        <dc:subject>Abiotic Stress</dc:subject>
        <dc:subject>Climate Risk</dc:subject>
        <dc:subject>Semi-Arid Tropics</dc:subject>
        <dc:subject>Smallholder Agriculture</dc:subject>
        <dc:subject>Farming Systems</dc:subject>
        <dc:subject>Drylands Agriculture</dc:subject>
        <dc:subject>Climate Change</dc:subject>
        <dc:subject>Indian Agriculture</dc:subject>
        <dc:description>Climate risk management in the semi-arid tropics (SAT) is one of the major&#13;
challenges to achieving food security and development in India and large parts of&#13;
sub-Saharan Africa and also in the case of Australia. Climate-induced production&#13;
risk associated with the current season-to-season variability of rainfall is a major&#13;
barrier in making rainfed agriculture sustainable and viable farm business. Since&#13;
season outcomes are uncertain, even with the best climate information, farmers&#13;
have limited flexibility in applying management with confidence. In fact in risky&#13;
environments, farmers most often respond by adapting a risk averse strategy and&#13;
are reluctant to invest in even risk reducing measures (Leathers and Quiggin&#13;
1991). In the SAT agro-ecologies, there are a limited range of enterprise or crop&#13;
options to consider which may be further restricted by cultural traditions, food&#13;
preferences or market opportunities.While there are fundamental differences&#13;
between large scale commercial farms in Australia compared to the predominantly&#13;
smallholder resource poor farms found in India, when it comes to climate risk&#13;
management in the SAT, there are many commonalities. The purpose of this&#13;
paper is therefore to (i) establish a framework for managing climate variability&#13;
and transforming farming systems to be more resilient and sustainable for future&#13;
climates; and (ii) provide some case study examples from climate risk management&#13;
in low rainfall cropping system in Australia and consider how they may be applied&#13;
in smallholder systems of the SAT...</dc:description>
        <dc:publisher>New India Publishing Agency</dc:publisher>
        <dc:date>2019</dc:date>
        <dc:type>Book Section</dc:type>
        <dc:type>PeerReviewed</dc:type>
        <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
        <dc:language>en</dc:language>
        <dc:identifier>http://oar.icrisat.org/11249/1/5_Climate%20Change%20And%20Agriculture_Whitbread_et_al_2019.pdf</dc:identifier>
        <dc:identifier>  Whitbread, A M and Carberry, P S and Rao, K P C and Kumar, S and Kadiyala, M D M and Nedumaran, S and Nidumolu, U  (2019) Climate Risk Management in Smallholder Farming Systems in the Semiarid Tropics.   In:  Climate Change and Agriculture: Causes, Impacts and Interventions.   New India Publishing Agency, New Delhi.  ISBN 978-93-87973-62-6     </dc:identifier></oai_dc:dc>
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