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        <dc:title>Affordable and robust phenotyping framework to analyse root system architecture of soil-grown plants</dc:title>
        <dc:creator>Bontpart, T</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Concha, C</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Giuffrida, M V</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Robertson, I</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Admkie, K</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Abdi, T D</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Wordofa, N G</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Tesfaye, K</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Teklu, T H</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Fikre, A</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Fetene, M</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Tsaftaris, S</dc:creator>
        <dc:creator>Doerner, P</dc:creator>
        <dc:subject>Soil</dc:subject>
        <dc:subject>Chickpea</dc:subject>
        <dc:subject>Plant Growth</dc:subject>
        <dc:subject>Ethiopia</dc:subject>
        <dc:description>The phenotypic analysis of root system growth is important to inform efforts to enhance plant resource&#13;
acquisition from soils; however, root phenotyping remains challenging because of the opacity of soil, requiring&#13;
systems that facilitate root system visibility and image acquisition. Previously reported systems require&#13;
costly or bespoke materials not available in most countries, where breeders need tools to select varieties&#13;
best adapted to local soils and field conditions. Here, we report an affordable soil-based growth (rhizobox)&#13;
and imaging system to phenotype root development in glasshouses or shelters. All components of the system&#13;
are made from locally available commodity components, facilitating the adoption of this affordable&#13;
technology in low-income countries. The rhizobox is large enough (approximately 6000 cm2 of visible soil)&#13;
to avoid restricting vertical root system growth for most if not all of the life cycle, yet light enough (approximately&#13;
21 kg when filled with soil) for routine handling. Support structures and an imaging station, with&#13;
five cameras covering the whole soil surface, complement the rhizoboxes. Images are acquired via the Phenotiki&#13;
sensor interface, collected, stitched and analysed. Root system architecture (RSA) parameters are&#13;
quantified without intervention. The RSAs of a dicot species (Cicer arietinum, chickpea) and a monocot species&#13;
(Hordeum vulgare, barley), exhibiting contrasting root systems, were analysed. Insights into root system&#13;
dynamics during vegetative and reproductive stages of the chickpea life cycle were obtained. This&#13;
affordable system is relevant for efforts in Ethiopia and other low- and middle-income countries to enhance&#13;
crop yields and climate resilience sustainably.</dc:description>
        <dc:publisher>John Wiley and Sons</dc:publisher>
        <dc:date>2020-07</dc:date>
        <dc:type>Article</dc:type>
        <dc:type>PeerReviewed</dc:type>
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        <dc:language>en</dc:language>
        <dc:identifier>http://oar.icrisat.org/11093/1/tpj.14877.pdf</dc:identifier>
        <dc:identifier>  Bontpart, T and Concha, C and Giuffrida, M V and Robertson, I and Admkie, K and Abdi, T D and Wordofa, N G and Tesfaye, K and Teklu, T H and Fikre, A and Fetene, M and Tsaftaris, S and Doerner, P  (2020) Affordable and robust phenotyping framework to analyse root system architecture of soil-grown plants.  The Plant Journal.  pp. 1-13.     (Unpublished)  </dc:identifier>
        <dc:relation>https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.14877</dc:relation>
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