"11054","14","archive","1305",,,"disk0/00/01/10/54","2019-02-01 03:23:02","2020-01-17 03:05:22","2019-02-01 03:23:02","article",,,"show","Library-ICRISAT@CGIAR.ORG",,,"","","","","","","","","","",,,,"Mupangwa","W","","",,"","",,"Ngwira","A R","","","","",,,,,"","",,,,,"","","International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (Addis Ababa)","Ethiopia","Effects of maize residue and mineral nitrogen applications on maize yield in conservation-agriculture-based cropping systems of Southern Africa","pub","n345","CRPS5","crp1.7","restricted",,,"Chlorophyll; crop–livestock interaction; immobilization; residue retention; sustainable intensification; Conservation agriculture; southern Africa; Maize residue",,"This long-term study was financially supported by the
International Fund for Agriculture Development (IFAD) through a long-term
study on CA systems in southern Africa. We are grateful for this significant
contribution. This study has been embedded into the CGIAR Research
Program MAIZE, Flagship Sustainable intensification of smallholder farming
systems. We acknowledge the CGIAR Fund Council, Australia (ACIAR),
Irish Aid, European Union, International Fund for Agriculture Development
(IFAD), Netherlands, New Zealand, Switzerland, UK, USAID and Thailand
for funding to the CGIAR Research Program MAIZE. We thank numerous
researchers and field workers from the four countries for their contribution
to the study.","Conservation agriculture (CA) and no-till (NT)-based cropping systems could address soil degradation and fertility decline in southern Africa. A multi-location and multi-year experiment was carried out between 2008 and 2014 to assess the effects of different levels of maize residue biomass (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 t ha−1) and nitrogen (N) fertilizer (0, 30, 90 kg ha−1) on maize performance under no-tillage. In some sites, different (N) fertilizer levels were superimposed to test their effects on maize grain yield and leaf chlorophyll content under different maize residue biomass levels. The different residue levels had no significant effect on maize yield in most growing seasons. Maize residue cover increased grain yield in eight out of 39 site-years across the sites used. However, in some sites, maize yield decreased with increases in residue level in cropping seasons that had average to above average rainfall. At a few sites maize yield increased with increase in residue level. Seasonal rainfall pattern influenced the effect of different residue levels on grain yield at most sites. Nitrogen fertilizer increased maize yield regardless of the residue level applied. This study demonstrates that mulching with maize residues in CA/NT systems results in limited maize yield gains – at least within the first 6 years in different agro-ecological conditions of southern Africa.","2019","published",,"Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems (TSI)",,,"Cambridge University Press",,"1-14",,,,,,"10.1017/S174217051900005X",,,,,"TRUE",,"1742-1705",,,,,,"","http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S174217051900005X","","",,"International Fund for Agriculture Development (IFAD)","CA systems in southern Africa",,,,,,"",,,,,,,"",,,,,"",,,,,"","",,,,,"","",,,,,
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"11054",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"Nyagumbo","I","","",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,"University of Zimbabwe (Harare)","Zambia",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
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