%O I am grateful to the two referees and the editors of the journal for their suggestions, and also thank Biplab Sarkar for observations on recent developments in the Cost of Cultivation of Production of Principal Crops data. %K Farm income statistics, allowance programme, rural areas, farm incomes, crop incomes, household farming %A S Vikraman %I Foundation for Agrarian Studies %V 7 %L icrisat10461 %J Review of Agrarian Studies %N 2 %P 39-61 %D 2017 %X This article reviews studies on farm business incomes in India from the colonial period to the present with a focus on the evolution of methodology and process of estimation of farm incomes, and classifies the development of such studies into four phases. Concepts and definitions of costs of cultivation are investigated as these have significant implications for the study of crop incomes, and determine the suitability of data sources for studying the economics of household farming. %T The Evolution of Farm Income Statistics in India: A Review Allowance Programme in Rural Areas