"10350","15","archive","1305",,,"disk0/00/01/03/50","2017-12-12 04:42:10","2018-02-02 11:30:57","2017-12-12 04:42:10","article",,,"show","Library-ICRISAT@CGIAR.ORG",,,"","","","","","","","","","",,,,"Eche","C O","","","","","","","Vabi","M B","","","","",,,,,"","",,,,,"","","Plant Pathology Research Group, Department of Crop and Environmental Protection, Federal University of Agriculture (Makurdi)","Nigeria","Evaluation of different fertilizer sources for the management of aflatoxin contamination in groundnut (arachis hypogaea l.) in the southern guinea savannah agro-ecological zone of Nigeria","pub","S51","CRPS1","","public",,,"Aflatoxin; Groundnut; Evaluation Fertilizers; Aflatoxin contamination; Nigeria",,"This study was carried-out using funds provided by the United States Agency for International Development
(USAID) within the framework of the implementation of the project dubbed “Increasing Groundnut Productivity of
Smallholder Farmers in Mali, Ghana and Nigeria implemented by the International Crops Research Institute for the
Semi-arid Tropics (ICRISAT). We are also grateful to Mr. P.O. Unah for his technical assistance during field
operations.","Field experiments were conducted during 2016 and 2017 cropping
seasons at the Teaching and Research Farms, Federal University of
Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria. The experiments evaluated various
combinations of Farmyard Manure (FYM), Gypsum, Single
superphosphate (SSP) and NPK fertilizers applied at recommended
rates. A total of eleven treatments were evaluated and included; FYM,
Gypsum, SSP, NPK, FYM+Gypsum, FYM+SSP, FYM+NPK,
Gypsum+SSP, Gypsum+NPK, SSP+NPK and Control. The
experiments were laid-out in Randomized Complete Block Design
(RCBD) with four replications. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay
(ELISA) method was used to detect and quantify aflatoxin loads. Data
collected included Plant Height and Number of Branches at 4, 8 and 12
weeks after planting, Number of Days to 50 % Flowering and Yield
(Fresh Pod, Dry Pod, and Haulms) and 100 Seed weight/plot. Data
were subjected to Analysis of Variance and statistically significant
differences were reported at p < 0.05 using Fisher’s Least Significant
Difference. Findings from the study showed that the level of AfB1
contamination of groundnut by AfB1 was higher in 2017 compared to
2016. In both years however, plants grown in plots treated with FYM
had the highest concentration of AfB1 (21.2 ppb and 30.3 ppb)
representing 28.4% and 32.1% increase over the untreated plots in 2016
and 2017, respectively. When FYM was combined with SSP, NPK and
gypsum, AfB1 concentration was reduced by 18.4%, 26.5% and 50.3%,
respectively in 2017. These same trends were obtained in 2016.
Application of only gypsum consistently reduced concentration levels
of AfB1 the most. Contamination in groundnut grown on plots treated
with only gypsum was reduced from 15.17 ppb and 20.57 ppb in the
untreated plots in 2016 and 2017 respectively, to 3.76 ppb and 5.7 ppb
representing over 70% reduction in both years. Although the use of
FYM+NPK resulted in taller plants and higher haulm yield, SSP +
NPK resulted in the highest pod yield in both years and were
accompanied by higher levels of AfB1 concentrations in groundnut
samples. The study concluded that the use of FYM should be
discouraged in the cultivation of groundnut. Rather Gypsum + SSP or
Gypsum + NPK should be promoted since their use was associated
with reduced levels of aflatoxin contamination and better pod and
haulm yields.","2017-11","published",,"International Journal of Advanced Research","5","11",,,"967-976",,,,,,,,,,,"TRUE",,"2320-5407",,,,,,"",,"","",,"United States Agency for International Development (USAID)","Increasing Groundnut Productivity of Smallholder Farmers in Mali, Ghana and Nigeria",,,,,,"",,,,,,,"",,,,,"",,,,,"","",,,,,"","",,,,,
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