Remote sensing based change analysis of rice environments in Odisha, India

Gumma, M K and Mohanty, S and Nelson, A and Arnel, R and Irshad Ahmed, M and Das, S R (2015) Remote sensing based change analysis of rice environments in Odisha, India. Journal of Enviroment Management, 148. pp. 31-41. ISSN 0301-4797

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Abstract

The rainfed rice-growing environment is perhaps one of the most vulnerable to water stress such as drought and floods. It is important to determine the spatial extent of the stress-prone areas to effectively and efficiently promote proper technologies (e.g., stress-tolerant varieties) to tackle the problem of sustainable food production. This study was conducted in Odisha state located in eastern India. Odisha is predominantly a rainfed rice ecosystem (71% rainfed and 29% canal irrigated during kharif-monsoon season), where rice is the major crop and staple food of the people. However, rice productivity in Odisha is one of the lowest in India and a significant decline (9%) in rice cultivated area was observed in 2002 (a drought year). The present study analyzed the temporal rice cropping pattern in various ecosystems and identified the stress-prone areas due to submergence (flooding) and water shortage. The spatial distribution of rice areas was mapped using MODIS (MOD09Q1) 250-m 8-day time-series data (2000–2010) and spectral matching techniques. The mapped rice areas were strongly correlated (R2 = 90%) with district-level statistics. Also the class accuracy based on field-plot data was 84.8%. The area under the rainfed rice ecosystem continues to dominate, recording the largest share among rice classes across all the years. The use of remote-sensing techniques is rapid, cost-effective, and reliable to monitor changes in rice cultivated area over long periods of time and estimate the reduction in area cultivated due to abiotic stress such as water stress and submergence. Agricultural research institutes and line departments in the government can use these techniques for better planning, regular monitoring of land-use changes, and dissemination of appropriate technologies.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	RP-Resilient Dryland Systems
CRP:	CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Rice cultivation; MODIS; Stress-tolerant varieties; Drought and submergence; Odisha
Subjects:	Others > Agriculture-Farming, Production, Technology, Economics
Depositing User:	Mr Siva Shankar
Date Deposited:	17 Mar 2014 09:58
Last Modified:	19 Aug 2016 03:48
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/7637
Official URL:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.11.039
Projects:	Stress-Tolerant Rice for Africa and South Asia(STRASA)
Funders:	Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Acknowledgement:	UNSPECIFIED
Links:	Google Scholar

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