Reddy, M C (2014) Physical and Frictional Properties of Donkey Manure at Various Depths in Compost Pit. Journal of Academia and Industrial Research, 2 (9). pp. 503-506. ISSN 2278-5213
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Abstract
Donkey manure is the oldest organic manure used by man ever since involved in farming. It consists of litter, waste products of crops mixed with animal dung and urine. Therefore, it contains all the nutrient elements present in the plant itself and returns these nutrients to the soil when it is applied to the field for the benefit of succeeding crop. Physical and frictional properties of donkey manure based on different depths of compost pit like viz., 0-12, 12-24, 24-36, 36-48 and 48-60 cm were studied. Physical properties like bulk density (kg m-3), moisture content (%), dry matter content (%) and frictional properties namely angle of repose () and coefficient of friction have been studied at laboratory conditions. The bulk density measured in donkey manure was 261.91, 334.94, 404.92, 439.57 and 452.48 kg m-3 at different depths of manure pit. The moisture content observed in donkey manure was 22.82, 23.09, 24.6, 24.98 and 31.89% at different depths of manure pit. The dry matter content measured for donkey manure was 77.18, 76.91, 75.4, 75.02 and 68.11%. The angle of repose of donkey manure was 41.87°, 43.42°, 45.93°, 47.46° and 49.77° at different depths of manure pit. The external coefficient of friction for donkey manure was 0.69, 0.73, 0.78, 0.8 and 0.83 at different depths of manure pit. The internal coefficient of friction for donkey manure was found to be 0.6, 0.62, 0.74, 0.75 and 0.77.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Divisions: | UNSPECIFIED |
| CRP: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Donkey manure, physical properties, frictional properties, bulk density, angle of repose. |
| Subjects: | Others > Agriculture-Farming, Production, Technology, Economics |
| Depositing User: | Mr Sanat Kumar Behera |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Feb 2014 03:37 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Feb 2014 03:37 |
| URI: | http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/7477 |
| Official URL: | |
| Projects: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Funders: | The Institution of Engineers (India) |
| Acknowledgement: | Present study is a project funded by The Institution of Engineers (India), Gokhale Road, Kolkata-700020 under R & D Grant-in-Aid scheme 2012-2013. |
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