Achievements and prospects of genomics-assisted breeding in three legume crops of the semi-arid tropics

    Varshney, R K and Murali Mohan, S and Gaur, P M and Ganga Rao, N V P R and Pandey, M K and Bohra, A and Sawargaonkar, S L and Gorantla, A and Kimurto, P.K. and Janila, P and Saxena, K B and Fikre, A and Sharma, M and Rathore, A and Pratap, A and Tripathi, S and Datta, S and Chaturvedi, S K and Mallikarjuna, N and Anuradha, G and Babber, A and Choudhary, A K and Mhase, M B and Bharadwaj, C and Mannur, D M and Harer, P N and Guo, B and Liang, X and Nadarajan, N and Gowda, C L L (2013) Achievements and prospects of genomics-assisted breeding in three legume crops of the semi-arid tropics. Biotechnology Advances, 31 (8). pp. 1120-1134. ISSN 0734-9750

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    Abstract

    Advances in next-generation sequencing and genotyping technologies have enabled generation of large-scale genomic resources such as molecular markers, transcript reads and BAC-end sequences (BESs) in chickpea, pigeonpea and groundnut, three major legume crops of the semi-arid tropics. Comprehensive transcriptome assemblies and genome sequences have either been developed or underway in these crops. Based on these resources, dense genetic maps, QTL maps as well as physical maps for these legume species have also been developed. As a result, these crops have graduated from ‘orphan’ or ‘less-studied’ crops to ‘genomic resources rich’ crops. This article summarizes above mentioned advances in genomics and genomics-assisted breeding applications in the form of marker-assisted selection (MAS) for hybrid purity assessment in pigeonpea; marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC) for introgressing QTL region for drought-tolerance related traits, Fusarium wilt (FW) resistance and Ascochyta blight (AB) resistance in chickpea; late leaf spot (LLS), leaf rust and nematode resistance in groundnut. We critically present the case of use of other modern breeding approaches like marker-assisted recurrent selection (MARS) and genomic selection (GS) to utilize the full potential of genomics-assisted breeding for developing superior cultivars with enhanced tolerance to various environmental stresses. In addition, this article recommends the use of advanced- backcross (AB-backcross) breeding and development of specialized populations such as multi-parents advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) for creating new variations that will help developing superior lines with broadened genetic base. In summary, we propose the use of integrated genomics and breeding approach in these legume crops to enhance crop productivity in marginal environments ensuring food security in developing countries.

    Item Type: Article
    Divisions: UNSPECIFIED
    CRP: UNSPECIFIED
    Subjects: Mandate crops > Chickpea
    Mandate crops > Pigeonpea
    Mandate crops > Groundnut
    Depositing User: Mr Sanat Kumar Behera
    Date Deposited: 12 Jan 2013 05:57
    Last Modified: 30 Jan 2014 15:50
    URI: http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/6408
    Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.01.001
    Projects: Centre of Excellence and Accelerated Crop Improvement projects, Indo-German Science & Technology Cooperation and Australia-India Science & Research Foundation projects
    Funders: CGIAR Generation Challenge Programme, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Government of India - Department of Biotechnology , Government of India -Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India - Ministry of Agriculture, Indian Council of Agricultural Research
    Acknowledgement: The work presented in this article is contribution from several research projects sponsored by CGIAR Generation Challenge Programme (Theme Leader Discretionary Grant), The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (Tropical Legumes I & II), Department of Biotechnology (Centre of Excellence and Accelerated Crop Improvement projects), Ministry of Science & Technology (Indo-German Science & Technology Cooperation and Australia-India Science & Research Foundation projects) and Ministry of Agriculture (National Fund, Indian Council of Agricultural Research) of Government of India. Thanks are also due to several colleagues at ICRISAT and partners in collaborating centres engaged in genomics and molecular breeding research in SAT legumes
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