Kishore, G K and Pande, S and Manjula, K and Rao, J N and Thomas, D (2002) Occurrence of Mycotoxins and Toxigenic Fungi in Groundnut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) Seeds in Andhra Pradesh, India. Plant Pathology Journal , 18 (4). pp. 204-209. ISSN 1598-2254
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Abstract
Andhra Pradesh is one of the major groundnut growing states in India. A total of 182 groundnut samples collected at harvesting from farmers fields in five districts, namely; Anantapur, Chittoor, Cuddapah, Kurnool, and Mahaboobnagar, during 1999 and 2000 rainy seasons were evaluated for the presence of mycotoxins (both aflatoxins and zearalenone) and toxigenic fungi. In samples collected from each district, average seed infection by Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium spp. was 11.9-18.3% and 5.6-12.8% in 1999, and 9.5-14.1% and 9.4-11.9% in 2000, respectively. Among the samples collected, 20.3% and 16.5% were contaminated with aflatoxin in 1999 and 2000, respectively, and in 11.4% and 8.7% of the seed samples collected in two seasons, the aflatoxin content was >30 mg/kg. An alarming aflatoxin content of 851.9 mg/kg was found in samples collected from Anantapur district during the rainy season in 1999. Zearalenone was not detected in any of the samples collected in 1999, while 2 out of 103 samples collected in 2000 were contaminated with 35.1 and 129.4 mg/kg. Under in vitro cultural conditions, 35.8% of the 173 A. flavus isolates collected from the groundnut samples produced aflatoxins at concentrations of 94.3- 1598.6 ng/ml and 3% of the 266 Fusarium spp. isolates produced 98.1-847.3 mg/g of zearalenone. The results emphasize the need for a more systematic and regular monitoring of pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Divisions: | UNSPECIFIED |
| CRP: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Subjects: | Mandate crops > Groundnut |
| Depositing User: | Library ICRISAT |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Dec 2011 09:48 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Jan 2012 05:49 |
| URI: | http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/4861 |
| Official URL: | http://www.ppj-online.org/archive.php?a=dv&id=117&... |
| Projects: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Funders: | Department for International Development, Renewable Natural Resources Research Strategy(UK) |
| Acknowledgement: | The authors are thankful to the Department for International Development (DFID), Renewable Natural Resources Research Strategy (RNRRS), United Kingdom, for partially funding this research activity under the project (R7346) “Evaluation of the effects of plant diseases on the yield and nutritive value of crop residues used for peri-urban dairy production on the Deccan plateau in India.” |
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