Gowda, C L L and Gaur, P M (2004) Global scenario of chickpea research - present status and future thrusts. In: Pulses in new perspective: proceedings of the National Symposium on Crop Diversification and Natural Resource Management, 20-22 December 2003, Indian Institute of Pulse Research, Kanpur, India.
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Abstract
Globally, chickpea (Cieer arietinum L.) is an important cool season food legume. The importance has further increased after its spread in Ocearua and North America. There has been 4-fold increase in the global trade of chickpea in the past two decades. Extensive breeding efforts in many countries and at the two CG centers (ICRISAT and ICARDA) have led to development of over 300 improved varieties. However, a breakthrough in its productivity is still awaited. Though the potential yield of chickpea is estimated at 5.0 tons ha- l , its global average ,yield is around 0.8 tons ha- I , mainly because chickpea is generally grown under rainfed conditions and a number of biotic and abiotic stresses constrain productivity. Thus, research efforts in chickpea have mainly focused on resistance breeding. Excellent progress has been made in development of short-duration varieties that are able to escape terminal drought, resistance to fusarium wilt, and development of varieties suitable for winter sowing in West Asia and North Africa regions. Breeding for resistance to other stresses still remains a challenge due 'to nonavailability of sources of high level of resistance in the cultigen and cross-compatible wild species. The success in transfer of resistance to cyst nematodes from C. reticulatum and . ascochyta blight from C. eehinospermum is encouraging. This will encourage researchers to utilize other wild Cieer species to introgress useful genes to the cultigen. There has been good progress in development of integrated pest management strategies for a.scochyta bUght, botrytis gray mold and pod borer. However, efforts are still needed to promote their adoption by the farmers. Extensive efforts have been made in the recent past on biotechnological approaches to chickpea improvement. Several advanced research centers are engaged in development of molecular map of chickpea and identification of markers for resistanc~ to important biotic and abiotic stresses. The recently formed International Chickpea Genomics Consortium will further strengthen efforts in this area. Excellent progress has been made in development of protocols for efficient in vitro regeneration of chickpea and development of transgenics for resistance to pod borer by incorporating insecticidal protein gene from Bacillus thuringiensis. It is expected that support of biotechnological methods to conventional breeding will· catalyse rapid progress in chickpea improvement m the near future.
| Item Type: | Conference or Workshop Item (Paper) |
|---|---|
| Divisions: | UNSPECIFIED |
| CRP: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Subjects: | Mandate crops > Chickpea |
| Depositing User: | Users 6 not found. |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Nov 2011 04:51 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Jan 2013 07:38 |
| URI: | http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/4278 |
| Acknowledgement: | UNSPECIFIED |
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