Adaptation of sorghum: characterisation of genotypic flowering responses to temperature and photoperiod

Craufurd, P Q and Mahalakshmi, V and Bidinger, F R and Mukuru, S Z and Chantereau, J and Omanga, P A and Qi, A and Roberts, E H and Ellis, R H and Summerfield, R J and Hammer, G L (1999) Adaptation of sorghum: characterisation of genotypic flowering responses to temperature and photoperiod. TAG Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 99 (5). pp. 900-911. ISSN 1432-2242

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Abstract

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is an important cereal crop grown in a wide range of tropical and temperate environments. This study was conducted to characterise the photothermal flowering responses of sorghum genotypes and to examine relationships between photothermal characteristics and environment of origin in order to better understand the phenological basis of adaptation to environment in sorghum. Twenty-four germplasm accessions and one hybrid from 24 major sorghum-growing areas were grown in a wide range of environments varying in temperature and photoperiod in India, Kenya and Mali between 1992 and 1995. Times from sowing to flowering (f) were recorded, and the responsiveness of 1/f to temperature and photoperiod was quantified using photothermal models. Times from sowing to flowering were accurately predicted in a wide range of environments using a multiplicative rate photothermal model. Significant variation in the minimum time to flower (Fm) and photoperiod sensitivity (critical photoperiod, Pc, and photoperiod-sensitivity slope, Ps) was observed among the genotypes; in contrast there was little variation in base temperature (Tb). Adaptation of sorghum to the diverse environments in which it is grown was largely determined by photoperiod sensitivity and minimum time to flower; photoperiod sensitivity determines broad adaptation to latitude (daylength), while variation in the minimum time to flower determines specific adaptation within smaller ranges of latitude, e.g. within the humid and sub-humid tropics.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	UNSPECIFIED
CRP:	UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Sorghum bicolor, Flowering, Temperature, Photoperiod, Adaptation
Subjects:	Mandate crops > Sorghum
Depositing User:	Mr Sanat Kumar Behera
Date Deposited:	18 Oct 2011 05:30
Last Modified:	14 Sep 2013 08:56
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/2742
Official URL:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051311
Projects:	UNSPECIFIED
Funders:	Department for International Development-PSRP
Acknowledgement:	The research was funded by the Plant Sciences Research Programme of the Department for International Development of the United Kingdom. However, the Department for International Development can accept no responsibility for any information provided or views expressed. We also thank ICRISAT for the provision of a Visiting Scientist position to P.Q. Craufurd
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