Mini core germplasm collections for infusing genetic diversity in plant breeding programs

Upadhyaya, H D and Yadav, D and Dronavalli, N and Gowda, C L L and Singh, Sube (2010) Mini core germplasm collections for infusing genetic diversity in plant breeding programs. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 1 (4). pp. 1294-1309. ISSN 0975-928X

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Abstract

Plant genetic resources are essential components to meet future food security needs of world. Crop germplasm diversity contributes to developing improved crop cultivars aimed at increasing crop productivity. The large size of germplasm collections, coupled with unavailability of detailed data and information, has resulted in low use (<1%) of germplasm leading to a narrow genetic base in many crops. The miniaturization of crop collections with almost full representation of genetic diversity in the form of mini core (~1% of the entire collection) approach is an effective methodology to enrich and enhance crop improvement programs. The concept and process of developing mini core at The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) has been recognized worldwide as an “International Public Good” (IPG). The mini core provides a means for accessing the larger collections for further exploration and also helps in proper assessment of genetic diversity and population structure and for association mapping and targeted gene mining. Use of mini core approach will lead to greater utilization of diverse germplasm for developing broad-based cultivars, especially in the context of climate change. Many national programs have shown immense interest in evaluating mini core as reflected by the supply of 114 sets of mini core of chickpea, groundnut, pigeonpea, sorghum, pearl millet, foxtail millet and finger millet to researchers in 14 countries. Scientists have been able to identify new and diverse sources of variation for morpho-agronomic, quality, biotic, and abiotic stress resistance traits in various crops. The molecular characterization of the mini core will further enhance its use in plant breeding programs.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions:	UNSPECIFIED
CRP:	UNSPECIFIED
Agro Tags:	<b>Agrotags</b> - crops | germplasm | genetics | millets | planting | chickpeas | groundnuts | breeds (animals) | yields | evaluation <br><b>Fishtags</b> - pearls | drying <br><b>Geopoliticaltags</b> - india | china | usa | thailand | asia | france | japan | mexico | andhra pradesh
Subjects:	Others > Agriculture-Farming, Production, Technology, Economics
Depositing User:	Library ICRISAT
Date Deposited:	12 Aug 2011 06:19
Last Modified:	08 Jun 2012 07:39
URI:	http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/151
Official URL:	http://sites.google.com/site/ejplantbreeding/vol-1...
Projects:	UNSPECIFIED
Funders:	UNSPECIFIED
Acknowledgement:	UNSPECIFIED
Links:	Author

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