Kasanaboina, K and Prasad, B V V and Sameer Kumar, C V and Saida Naik, D and Srinivasa Chary, D and Chavan, S and Yaram, V K R and Gorthy, S and Jaganathan, J and Habyarimana, E (2026) Genetic Analysis of Agronomic Traits in Sorghum Parents and Hybrids Across Diverse Male Sterile Cytoplasms and Varying Soil Moisture Conditions. Plant Breeding (TSI). pp. 1-15. ISSN 0179-9541
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Abstract
The predominance of A1 cytoplasm in sorghum hybrid breeding has limited the exploitation of alternative cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) sources such as A2, A3 and A4. This study evaluated the combining ability and heterosis of hybrids derived from diverse CMS backgrounds (A1, A2, A3 and A4) under both drought and irrigated conditions. A total of 241 F1 hybrids, 35 parents and 4 checks were assessed for yield and related traits across two seasons and moisture regimes. Significant genotype × environment interactions were observed, highlighting the need for environment-specific recommendations. Notably, A1 (ICSA 38, ICSA 55 and ICSA 502), A2 (ICSA 724) and A4 (ICSA 758) CMS lines exhibited strong general combining ability (GCA) for grain yield under drought, while several A1 and A2 lines performed well under irrigation. Restorer lines Parbhani Shakti and ICSR 13038 produced high-yielding hybrids across environments, with ICSV 15014 and ICSR 13009 showing universal fertility restoration. Specific combining ability (SCA) and heterosis analyses identified ICSA 675 × ICSR 13038 (A1) and ICSA 724 × ICSV 15014 (A2) as top performers under drought, and ICSA 735 × ICSR 13038 (A2) under irrigation. Mean versus stability analysis revealed G151 and G229 as highly stable hybrids. The results confirm the competitive potential of A2 CMS as an alternative to A1, supporting cytoplasmic diversification for enhanced yield stability and resilience in sorghum breeding programmes.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Divisions: | Global Research Program - Accelerated Crop Improvement |
| CRP: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | combining ability, cytoplasmic male sterility, cytoplasmic source diversification, fertility restoration, heterosis breeding |
| Subjects: | Others > Plant Breeding Mandate crops > Sorghum Others > Genetics and Genomics |
| Depositing User: | Mr Nagaraju T |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Apr 2026 08:27 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Apr 2026 08:27 |
| URI: | http://oar.icrisat.org/id/eprint/13607 |
| Official URL: | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/p... |
| Projects: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Funders: | UNSPECIFIED |
| Acknowledgement: | We are thankful to ICRISAT for their material support and facilitation for the fieldwork, which contributed a lot to the successful completion of the research work. We are also thankful to PJTAU and KMC-PJTAU for academic and research support. |
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